diff --git a/public/js/main.js b/public/js/main.js
index ff0eac39..40cca85d 100644
--- a/public/js/main.js
+++ b/public/js/main.js
@@ -1,22 +1,33 @@
+// declare variable for delete button
 const deleteBtn = document.querySelectorAll('.fa-trash')
+
+// declare variable for todo item (span elements within a parent class of item)
 const item = document.querySelectorAll('.item span')
+
+// declare variable for completed items
 const itemCompleted = document.querySelectorAll('.item span.completed')
 
+// listen to delete item clicks
 Array.from(deleteBtn).forEach((element)=>{
     element.addEventListener('click', deleteItem)
 })
 
+// listen to todo item clicks
 Array.from(item).forEach((element)=>{
     element.addEventListener('click', markComplete)
 })
 
+// listen to 'completed' class clicks
 Array.from(itemCompleted).forEach((element)=>{
     element.addEventListener('click', markUnComplete)
 })
 
+//when delete item is clicked, get text from the list item
 async function deleteItem(){
     const itemText = this.parentNode.childNodes[1].innerText
     try{
+
+        //label list item text as "itemFromJS" and make a delete request to the server with the route '/deleteItem'
         const response = await fetch('deleteItem', {
             method: 'delete',
             headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
@@ -24,6 +35,8 @@ async function deleteItem(){
               'itemFromJS': itemText
             })
           })
+
+        //when server responds, the data will be console logged and the page will refresh
         const data = await response.json()
         console.log(data)
         location.reload()
@@ -33,9 +46,12 @@ async function deleteItem(){
     }
 }
 
+//when item is marked as complete, get text from the list item
 async function markComplete(){
     const itemText = this.parentNode.childNodes[1].innerText
     try{
+
+       //label list item text as "itemFromJS" and make a put request to the server with the route '/markComplete'
         const response = await fetch('markComplete', {
             method: 'put',
             headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
@@ -43,6 +59,8 @@ async function markComplete(){
                 'itemFromJS': itemText
             })
           })
+
+        //when server responds, the data will be console logged and the page will refresh
         const data = await response.json()
         console.log(data)
         location.reload()
@@ -52,9 +70,12 @@ async function markComplete(){
     }
 }
 
+//when item is marked as incomplete, get text from the list item
 async function markUnComplete(){
     const itemText = this.parentNode.childNodes[1].innerText
     try{
+
+         //label list item text as "itemFromJS" and make a put request to the server with the route '/markUnComplete'
         const response = await fetch('markUnComplete', {
             method: 'put',
             headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
@@ -62,6 +83,8 @@ async function markUnComplete(){
                 'itemFromJS': itemText
             })
           })
+
+        //when server responds, the data will be console logged and the page will refresh
         const data = await response.json()
         console.log(data)
         location.reload()
diff --git a/server.js b/server.js
index 58b53e2f..f331cfe1 100644
--- a/server.js
+++ b/server.js
@@ -1,41 +1,64 @@
-const express = require('express')
+//imports express framework 
+const express = require('express') 
 const app = express()
-const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient
-const PORT = 2121
-require('dotenv').config()
 
+//imports MongoDB module
+const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient 
 
+//hardcode port to local server
+const PORT = 2121 
+
+// loads environmental variables from a .env file. Allows secret keys to be stored in .env file
+require('dotenv').config() 
+
+// declares variables needed to connect to MongoDB, including the connection string (in .env file as "DB_String") and database name
 let db,
-    dbConnectionStr = process.env.DB_STRING,
-    dbName = 'todo'
+    dbConnectionStr = process.env.DB_STRING, 
+    dbName = 'todo' //MongoDB database name
 
+//connects to MongoDB using connection string and console logs result.
 MongoClient.connect(dbConnectionStr, { useUnifiedTopology: true })
     .then(client => {
         console.log(`Connected to ${dbName} Database`)
         db = client.db(dbName)
     })
-    
-app.set('view engine', 'ejs')
-app.use(express.static('public'))
-app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }))
-app.use(express.json())
 
+// sets template engine to EJS  
+app.set('view engine', 'ejs') 
+
+//sets route for static files (CSS and JS). files stored in 'public' folder
+app.use(express.static('public')) 
 
-app.get('/',async (request, response)=>{
+//will parse information from post and put requests
+app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true })) 
+
+// parses JSON data from request body and stores it in req.body
+app.use(express.json()) 
+
+//listen for request on homepage
+app.get('/',async (request, response)=>{ 
     const todoItems = await db.collection('todos').find().toArray()
     const itemsLeft = await db.collection('todos').countDocuments({completed: false})
     response.render('index.ejs', { items: todoItems, left: itemsLeft })
-    // db.collection('todos').find().toArray()
-    // .then(data => {
-    //     db.collection('todos').countDocuments({completed: false})
-    //     .then(itemsLeft => {
-    //         response.render('index.ejs', { items: data, left: itemsLeft })
-    //     })
-    // })
-    // .catch(error => console.error(error))
+
+    //finds all documents in the todo collection and put the documents into an array.
+    db.collection('todos').find().toArray()  
+
+     //the array will be held in the variable 'data'
+    .then(data => { 
+        db.collection('todos').countDocuments({completed: false})
+        .then(itemsLeft => {
+            //pass the data (array) into the ejs template. The data is given the name of items.
+            response.render('index.ejs', { items: data, left: itemsLeft })
+        })
+    })
+     
 })
 
+//listens for post request from form with route '/addTodo'
 app.post('/addTodo', (request, response) => {
+
+    //parses information in form, creates new database document, prints result, refreshes page, and catches errors
     db.collection('todos').insertOne({thing: request.body.todoItem, completed: false})
     .then(result => {
         console.log('Todo Added')
@@ -44,15 +67,25 @@ app.post('/addTodo', (request, response) => {
     .catch(error => console.error(error))
 })
 
+//Listens for put request with the route of '/markComplete'
 app.put('/markComplete', (request, response) => {
+
+    //updates database document that matches the text in itemFromJs
     db.collection('todos').updateOne({thing: request.body.itemFromJS},{
+
+          //updates completed property to true
         $set: {
             completed: true
           }
     },{
+        //sorts completed list items to the bottom of the list
         sort: {_id: -1},
+
+        //sets upsert to false -- meaning no new document will be created if document isn't found
         upsert: false
     })
+
+    //respond to client side request and print result to the console
     .then(result => {
         console.log('Marked Complete')
         response.json('Marked Complete')
@@ -61,15 +94,25 @@ app.put('/markComplete', (request, response) => {
 
 })
 
+//Listens for put request with the route of '/markUnComplete'
 app.put('/markUnComplete', (request, response) => {
+
+    //update database document that matches the text in itemFromJs
     db.collection('todos').updateOne({thing: request.body.itemFromJS},{
+
+         //updates completed property to false
         $set: {
             completed: false
           }
     },{
+        //sorts completed list items to the bottom of the list
         sort: {_id: -1},
+
+        //sets upsert to false -- meaning no new document will be created if document isn't found
         upsert: false
     })
+
+    //respond to client side request and print result to the console
     .then(result => {
         console.log('Marked Complete')
         response.json('Marked Complete')
@@ -78,8 +121,14 @@ app.put('/markUnComplete', (request, response) => {
 
 })
 
+
+//Listens for delete request with the route of '/deleteItem'
 app.delete('/deleteItem', (request, response) => {
+
+    //deletes document that matches text in itemFromJS
     db.collection('todos').deleteOne({thing: request.body.itemFromJS})
+
+    //respond to client side request and print result to the console
     .then(result => {
         console.log('Todo Deleted')
         response.json('Todo Deleted')
@@ -88,6 +137,8 @@ app.delete('/deleteItem', (request, response) => {
 
 })
 
+
+//access port from environment variable or from port 2121 and print result to the console.
 app.listen(process.env.PORT || PORT, ()=>{
     console.log(`Server running on port ${PORT}`)
 })
\ No newline at end of file