diff --git a/lib/linked_list.rb b/lib/linked_list.rb index 0de1ee00..4233234c 100644 --- a/lib/linked_list.rb +++ b/lib/linked_list.rb @@ -12,150 +12,264 @@ def initialize(value, next_node = nil) # Defines the singly linked list class LinkedList - def initialize - @head = nil # keep the head private. Not accessible outside this class - end + def initialize + @head = nil # keep the head private. Not accessible outside self class + end - # method to add a new node with the specific data value in the linked list - # insert the new node at the beginning of the linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def add_first(value) - raise NotImplementedError + # method to add a new node with the specific data value in the linked list + # insert the new node at the beginning of the linked list + # Time Complexity: O(1) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def add_first(value) + if @head + second = @head + @head = Node.new(value, second) + else + @head = Node.new(value) end + end - # method to find if the linked list contains a node with specified value - # returns true if found, false otherwise - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def search(value) - raise NotImplementedError + # method to find if the linked list contains a node with specified value + # returns true if found, false otherwise + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def search(value) + if @head == nil + return false end + return search_help(value) != nil + end - # method to return the max value in the linked list - # returns the data value and not the node - def find_max - raise NotImplementedError + # method to return the max value in the linked list + # returns the data value and not the node + def find_max + if @head == nil + return nil + end + max = @head.data + current = @head + while current != nil + if current.data > max + max = current.data + end + current = current.next end + return max + end - # method to return the min value in the linked list - # returns the data value and not the node - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def find_min - raise NotImplementedError + # method to return the min value in the linked list + # returns the data value and not the node + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def find_min + if @head == nil + return nil end + min = @head.data + current = @head + while current != nil + if current.data < min + min = current.data + end + current = current.next + end + return min + end - # method that returns the length of the singly linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def length - raise NotImplementedError + # method that returns the length of the singly linked list + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def length + if @head == nil + return 0 end - - # method that returns the value at a given index in the linked list - # index count starts at 0 - # returns nil if there are fewer nodes in the linked list than the index value - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def get_at_index(index) - raise NotImplementedError + current = @head + length = 0 + while current != nil + length += 1 + current = current.next end + return length + end - # method to print all the values in the linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def visit - raise NotImplementedError + # method that returns the value at a given index in the linked list + # index count starts at 0 + # returns nil if there are fewer nodes in the linked list than the index value + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def get_at_index(index) + node = get_node_at_index(index) + if node + return node.data + else + return nil end + end - # method to delete the first node found with specified value - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def delete(value) - raise NotImplementedError + # method to print all the values in the linked list + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def visit + current = @head + while current != nil + puts current.data + current = current.next end + end + + # method to delete the first node found with specified value + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def delete(value) + target = search_help(value) + after_target = target.next + target.next = nil + before_target_index = self.length - 2 + before_target = get_node_at_index(before_target_index) + before_target.next = after_target + end - # method to reverse the singly linked list - # note: the nodes should be moved and not just the values in the nodes - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def reverse - raise NotImplementedError + # method to reverse the singly linked list + # note: the nodes should be moved and not just the values in the nodes + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(n) + def reverse + new_list = LinkedList.new + current = @head + while current != nil + new_list.add_first(current) + current = current.next end + @head.next = nil + @head = new_list.get_first + end - ## Advanced Exercises - # returns the value at the middle element in the singly linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def find_middle_value - raise NotImplementedError - end + ## Advanced Exercises + # returns the value at the middle element in the singly linked list + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def find_middle_value + length = self.length + middle_index = length/2 + return get_at_index(middle_index) + end - # find the nth node from the end and return its value - # assume indexing starts at 0 while counting to n - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def find_nth_from_end(n) - raise NotImplementedError - end + # find the nth node from the end and return its value + # assume indexing starts at 0 while counting to n + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) + def find_nth_from_end(n) + length = self.length + nth_from_end_index = length - 1 - n + return get_at_index(nth_from_end_index) + end - # checks if the linked list has a cycle. A cycle exists if any node in the - # linked list links to a node already visited. - # returns true if a cycle is found, false otherwise. - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def has_cycle - raise NotImplementedError + # checks if the linked list has a cycle. A cycle exists if any node in the + # linked list links to a node already visited. + # returns true if a cycle is found, false otherwise. + # Time Complexity: ? + # Space Complexity: ? + def has_cycle + current = @head + seen_nodes = [] + # while current != nil || has_node?(current) + # current = current.next + # if current == nil + # return false + # end + # if has_node + # end + end + def has_node?(array, node) + array.each do |current_node| + if current_node == node + return true + end end + return false + end - # Additional Exercises - # returns the value in the first node - # returns nil if the list is empty - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def get_first - raise NotImplementedError + # Additional Exercises + # returns the value in the first node + # returns nil if the list is empty + # Time Complexity: ? + # Space Complexity: ? + def get_first + if @head + return @head + else + return nil end + end - # method that inserts a given value as a new last node in the linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def add_last(value) - raise NotImplementedError - end + # method that inserts a given value as a new last node in the linked list + # Time Complexity: ? + # Space Complexity: ? + def add_last(value) + raise NotImplementedError + end - # method that returns the value of the last node in the linked list - # returns nil if the linked list is empty - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def get_last - raise NotImplementedError - end + # method that returns the value of the last node in the linked list + # returns nil if the linked list is empty + # Time Complexity: ? + # Space Complexity: ? + def get_last + raise NotImplementedError + end + + # method to insert a new node with specific data value, assuming the linked + # list is sorted in ascending order + # Time Complexity: ? + # Space Complexity: ? + def insert_ascending(value) + raise NotImplementedError + end + + # Helper method for tests + # Creates a cycle in the linked list for testing purposes + # Assumes the linked list has at least one node + def create_cycle + return if @head == nil # don't do anything if the linked list is empty - # method to insert a new node with specific data value, assuming the linked - # list is sorted in ascending order - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? - def insert_ascending(value) - raise NotImplementedError + # navigate to last node + current = @head + while current.next != nil + current = current.next end - # Helper method for tests - # Creates a cycle in the linked list for testing purposes - # Assumes the linked list has at least one node - def create_cycle - return if @head == nil # don't do anything if the linked list is empty + current.next = @head # make the last node link to first node + end - # navigate to last node - current = @head - while current.next != nil - current = current.next + private + + def get_node_at_index(index) + length = self.length + if length < index + return nil + end + current = @head + (0..(length-1)).each do |i| + if i == index + return current end + current = current.next + end + return nil + end - current.next = @head # make the last node link to first node + def search_help(value) + current = @head + while current != nil + if current.data == value + return current + else + current = current.next + end end + return nil + end + end