diff --git a/lib/linked_list.rb b/lib/linked_list.rb index 5e173ebc..b057aa89 100644 --- a/lib/linked_list.rb +++ b/lib/linked_list.rb @@ -18,128 +18,267 @@ def initialize # method to add a new node with the specific data value in the linked list # insert the new node at the beginning of the linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(1) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def add_first(value) - raise NotImplementedError + @head = Node.new(value, @head) end # method to find if the linked list contains a node with specified value # returns true if found, false otherwise - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def search(value) - raise NotImplementedError + current = @head + while current != nil + return true if current.data == value + + current = current.next + end + + return false end # method to return the max value in the linked list # returns the data value and not the node + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_max - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + + max = @head.data + current = @head + while current != nil + max = current.data if current.data > max + current = current.next + end + + return max end # method to return the min value in the linked list # returns the data value and not the node - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_min - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + + min = @head.data + current = @head + while current != nil + min = current.data if current.data < min + current = current.next + end + + return min end # Additional Exercises # returns the value in the first node # returns nil if the list is empty - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(1) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def get_first - raise NotImplementedError + return @head.nil? ? nil : @head.data end # method that inserts a given value as a new last node in the linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def add_last(value) - raise NotImplementedError + if @head.nil? + @head = Node.new(value) + else + current = @head + until current.next.nil? + current = current.next + end + + current.next = Node.new(value) + end end # method that returns the length of the singly linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def length - raise NotImplementedError + count = 0 + current = @head + while current != nil + count += 1 + current = current.next + end + + return count end # method that returns the value at a given index in the linked list # index count starts at 0 # returns nil if there are fewer nodes in the linked list than the index value - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def get_at_index(index) - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + + current = @head + index.times do + return nil if current.nil? + + current = current.next + end + + return current.data end # method to print all the values in the linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def visit - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + + current = @head + while current != nil + print current.data + end end # method to delete the first node found with specified value - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def delete(value) - raise NotImplementedError + return if @head.nil? + + if @head.data == value + @head = @head.next + return + end + + current = @head + until current.next.nil? + if current.next.data == value + current.next = current.next.next + return + end + current = current.next + end end # method to reverse the singly linked list # note: the nodes should be moved and not just the values in the nodes - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def reverse - raise NotImplementedError + return if @head.nil? || @head.next.nil? + + current = @head + previous = nil + until current.nil? + temp = current.next + current.next = previous + previous = current + current = temp + end + + @head = previous end # method that returns the value of the last node in the linked list # returns nil if the linked list is empty - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def get_last - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + + current = @head + until current.next.nil? + current = current.next + end + + return current.data end ## Advanced Exercises # returns the value at the middle element in the singly linked list - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_middle_value - raise NotImplementedError + if @head.nil? + return nil + else + slow = @head + fast = @head.next + while fast != nil + slow = slow.next + fast = fast.next + fast = fast.next if fast != nil + end + + return slow + end end # find the nth node from the end and return its value # assume indexing starts at 0 while counting to n - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def find_nth_from_end(n) - raise NotImplementedError + return nil if @head.nil? + + current = @head + n.times do + current = current.next + return nil if current.nil? + end + + trailing_current = @head + until current.next.nil? + current = current.next + trailing_current = trailing_current.next + end + + return trailing_current.data end # checks if the linked list has a cycle. A cycle exists if any node in the # linked list links to a node already visited. # returns true if a cycle is found, false otherwise. - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def has_cycle - raise NotImplementedError + if @head.nil? || @head.next.nil? + return false + end + + slow = @head + fast = @head + while fast != nil + slow = slow.next + fast = fast.next + fast = fast.next if fast != nil + + return true if fast == slow + end + + return false end # method to insert a new node with specific data value, assuming the linked # list is sorted in ascending order - # Time Complexity: ? - # Space Complexity: ? + # Time Complexity: O(n) + # Space Complexity: O(1) def insert_ascending(value) - raise NotImplementedError + if @head.nil? + @head = Node.new(value) + return + end + + current = @head + while current.next != nil && current.next.data > value + current = current.next + end + + current.next = Node.new(value, current.next) end # Helper method for tests diff --git a/test/linked_list_test.rb b/test/linked_list_test.rb index 77423e34..761d3cc9 100644 --- a/test/linked_list_test.rb +++ b/test/linked_list_test.rb @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ end end - xdescribe "Optional addLast & getLast" do + describe "Optional addLast & getLast" do it "will add to the front if the list is empty" do @list.add_last(1) expect(@list.get_at_index(0)).must_equal 1 @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ end end - xdescribe "Optional: nth_from_the_end" do + describe "Optional: nth_from_the_end" do it 'returns nil if n is outside the bounds of the list' do expect(@list.find_nth_from_end(3)).must_be_nil end