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research.md

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### [2017 OF201](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_OF201): Discovery of a Dwarf Planet Candidate in an Extremely Wide Orbit
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{% include image.html url="/images/TNO/2017OF201_size.png" caption="The five dwarf planets recognized by the IAU plus the newly discovered trans-Neptunian object 2017 OF201." height=250 align="left" %}
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{% include image.html url="/images/TNO/2017OF201_animation.gif" caption="Animation showing the movement of 2017 OF201 on the sky. Figure credit: Jiaxuan Li (Princeton), Sihao Cheng (IAS)" height=250 align="right" %}
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Led by my longtime friend [Sihao Cheng](https://sihaocheng.github.io/) (IAS), together with fellow grad student [Eritas Yang](https://web.astro.princeton.edu/people/eritas-yang) (Princeton), we discovered an exceptional trans-Neptunian object (TNO) named [2017 OF201](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_OF201). It was first spotted in the [Dark Energy Camera](https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/ctio/victor-blanco-4m-telescope/decam/) data taken in 2017 as a part of the [Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS)](https://www.legacysurvey.org/), and later confirmed by the archival data from the [Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT)](https://www.legacysurvey.org/).
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{% include image.html url="/images/TNO/2017OF201_size.png" caption="The five dwarf planets recognized by the IAU plus the newly discovered trans-Neptunian object 2017 OF201." width=250 align="right" %}
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With these detections spanning over 7 years, we were able to trace the object's orbit to a very good precision. This object is in an extremely wide (a ~ 840 au) and eccentric (e ~ 0.946) orbit that takes approximately 25,000 years to complete. At a distance of ~90 au from the Sun now, it has a diameter of about 700 km, assuming an albedo of 0.15. It is potentially large enough to qualify as a dwarf planet like Pluto.
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Because of its extreme orbit, 2017 OF201 can be detected by surveys with similar depths to DECaLS for only 0.5% of its orbital period. This means that there are likely a large population of similar objects in the outer solar system that have not yet been discovered. Upcoming wide-field sky surveys, including the [Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time](https://www.lsst.org/), will unveil many more objects similar to 2017 OF201.
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{% include image.html url="/images/TNO/2017OF201_animation.gif" caption="Animation showing the movement of 2017 OF201 on the sky. Figure credit: Jiaxuan Li (Princeton), Sihao Cheng (IAS)" width=200 align="right" %}
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### ELVES-Dwarf Survey: Probing Satellites of Isolated Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Volume

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