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8-Bit CPU Component List

1. PWM Clock

  • Purpose: Generates the clock signal for the CPU.
  • Components:
    • 555 Timer IC (for PWM signal generation)
    • Frequency Divider (optional)

2. Address Register

  • Purpose: Holds the address of the memory location being accessed.
  • Components:
    • 8-bit Latch (e.g., 74LS373 or equivalent)
    • Multiplexer (e.g., 74LS157)

3. RAM (28C64 EEPROM)

  • Purpose: Stores program instructions and data.
  • Components:
    • 28C64 EEPROM (for non-volatile storage)
    • 8-bit Address Bus
    • 8-bit Data Bus
    • Read/Write Control Signal

4. Instruction Register

  • Purpose: Holds the current instruction fetched from memory.
  • Components:
    • 8-bit Register (e.g., 74LS273)
    • Instruction Decoder

5. Control Logic

  • Purpose: Decodes microinstructions and generates control signals for the CPU.
  • Components:
    • Arduino Nano (programmed with microinstructions)
    • Control Logic Unit (based on microinstruction set)
    • LEDs (as signals for control)

6. Program Counter

  • Purpose: Keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be fetched.
  • Components:
    • 8-bit Register (e.g., 74LS161)
    • Address Bus
    • Control Signals (Increment/Load/Reset)

7. A Register

  • Purpose: Holds one operand for arithmetic or logic operations.
  • Components:
    • 8-bit Register (e.g., 74LS273)
    • Data Bus
    • ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

8. B Register

  • Purpose: Holds the second operand for arithmetic or logic operations.
  • Components:
    • 8-bit Register (e.g., 74LS273)
    • Data Bus
    • ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

9. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

  • Purpose: Performs arithmetic and logic operations.
  • Components:
    • 8-bit ALU (e.g., 74LS181)
    • Flag Registers for Zero, Carry, Negative, Even, Odd

10. Output Display

  • Purpose: Displays the result of computations or program outputs.
  • Components:
    • 7-Segment Display or LEDs
    • Output Register

11. EEPROM Programmer

  • Purpose: Programs the 28C64 EEPROM with data.
  • Components:
    • EEPROM Programmer Circuit
    • 28C64 EEPROM
    • Address Bus
    • Data Bus
    • Write Control Signal

Miscellaneous Components

  • Resistors (for current limiting and pull-up/down)
  • Capacitors (for decoupling)
  • Breadboard (for prototyping)
  • Jumper Wires (for connections)
  • Power Supply (e.g., 5V DC)
  • LEDs (for status indicators)
  • Switches (for input signals)