diff --git a/.devcontainer/Dockerfile b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57daba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+ARG VARIANT="16"
+FROM mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/javascript-node:1-${VARIANT}
+
+RUN apt-get update && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
+    && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends build-essential ca-certificates clang-format-15 clang-tidy-15 cmake curl git libzstd-dev ninja-build python3 python3-pip ssh sudo wabt wget zlib1g-dev wget git-lfs zlib1g-dev wget libffi-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libxml2-dev binaryen unzip
+
+# RUN pip3 install cmake-format lit --no-cache-dir
+# RUN cd /usr/bin/ && ln -s python3 python && ln -s clang-format-15 clang-format && ln -s clang-tidy-15 clang-tidy && ln -s run-clang-tidy-15 run-clang-tidy
+
+RUN mkdir -p /opt
+WORKDIR /opt
+
+COPY install_llvm16.sh /opt/install_llvm16.sh
+RUN chmod +x /opt/install_llvm16.sh
+
+RUN wget https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/releases/download/llvmorg-16.0.4/clang+llvm-16.0.4-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-22.04.tar.xz && /opt/install_llvm16.sh
+
+RUN echo "export PATH=/opt/llvm16/bin:/opt:\$PATH" >> $HOME/.profile
+RUN echo "export LLVM_SYS_160_PREFIX=/opt/llvm16" >> $HOME/.profile
+ENV PATH=/opt/llvm16/bin:/opt:$PATH
+ENV LLVM_SYS_160_PREFIX=/opt/llvm16
+
+RUN wget -O /opt/solc https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v0.8.29/solc-static-linux
+RUN chmod +x /opt/solc
+RUN wget -O /opt/googletest-1.15.2.tar.gz https://github.com/google/googletest/releases/download/v1.15.2/googletest-1.15.2.tar.gz
+
+RUN git clone https://github.com/emscripten-core/emsdk.git
+WORKDIR /opt/emsdk
+RUN ./emsdk install 3.1.69
+RUN ./emsdk activate 3.1.69
+
+RUN curl -sSf https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/misc/rustup-install.sh | sh -s -- -y
+RUN bash -c ". /root/.cargo/env"
+RUN bash -c ". ~/.cargo/env && rustup install 1.81.0 && rustup default 1.81.0"
+
+RUN mkdir -p /root/.cargo && touch /root/.cargo/env
+RUN echo "source \"$HOME/.cargo/env\"" >> $HOME/.profile
+
+# install foundry
+RUN curl -L https://foundry.paradigm.xyz | bash
+ENV PATH=~/.foundry/bin:$PATH
+# do it manually
+# RUN bash -c "source ~/.bashrc && foundryup"
+
+WORKDIR /opt
diff --git a/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64b86bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+    // ...
+    "build": { "dockerfile": "Dockerfile" },
+    // ...
+}
diff --git a/.devcontainer/install_llvm16.sh b/.devcontainer/install_llvm16.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06e4f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer/install_llvm16.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+cd /opt
+ls
+tar -xvf clang+llvm-16.0.4-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-22.04.tar.xz
+rm -rf clang+llvm-16.0.4-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-22.04.tar.xz
+mv clang+llvm-16.0.4-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-22.04 llvm16
diff --git a/.devcontainer/install_rust.sh b/.devcontainer/install_rust.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd56cf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer/install_rust.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -e
+curl -sSf https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/misc/rustup-install.sh | sh -s -- -y
+. "$HOME/.cargo/env"
+rustup install 1.81.0
+rustup default 1.81.0
diff --git a/docker/Dockerfile b/docker/Dockerfile
index 9c4733b..51b71eb 100644
--- a/docker/Dockerfile
+++ b/docker/Dockerfile
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ WORKDIR /home/admin
 USER root
 WORKDIR /opt
 
-RUN echo "export PATH=/opt/llvm15/bin:/opt:\$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile
+RUN echo "export PATH=/opt/llvm16/bin:/opt:\$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile
 RUN echo "export LLVM_SYS_160_PREFIX=/opt/llvm16" >> ~/.bash_profile
 ENV PATH=/opt/llvm16/bin:/opt:$PATH
 ENV LLVM_SYS_160_PREFIX=/opt/llvm16