Program.cs

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Project001.data;
using Project001.Repositories;
using Project001.Interfaces;
using Project001.models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using Project001.Services;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllers();
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();

// ✅ Register your DbContext BEFORE builder.Build()
builder.Services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDBContext>(options =>
    options.UseSqlServer(builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));

// At this point we're configuring the users <AppUser> to be available on our application
// Given to us by Identity.Core
builder.Services.AddIdentity<AppUser, IdentityRole>((options) => // This second type (IdentityRole) means that you want roles in your application
{
    // We're trying to ensure secure passwords on the user account
    // These are the important ones as most of the others are enforced by default
    // This is proof that you can actually do more than configure the password
    // options.User.AllowedUserNameCharacters += " ";
    options.Password.RequireDigit = options.Password.RequireLowercase = options.Password.RequireUppercase = options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = true;
    options.Password.RequiredLength = 8;
}).AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDBContext>();
// .AddDefaultTokenProviders(); => Adds providers for generating security tokens used for Email Confirmation, Password Reset and 2FA

// Adding authentication and schemes to the application
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
    // Configure the settings for the User Auth to the defaults for the JWT authentication
    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = options.DefaultChallengeScheme = options.DefaultForbidScheme = options.DefaultScheme = options.DefaultSignInScheme = options.DefaultSignOutScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
    // Pass in the JWT parameters needed to sign your users into the application
    // This provides the JWT dependency with what is needed to create a JWT like
    // The Signing key, the Issuer and the Audience
    options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
    {
        ValidateIssuer = true,
        ValidIssuer = builder.Configuration["JWT:Issuer"],
        ValidateAudience = true,
        ValidAudience = builder.Configuration["JWT:Audience"],
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
        IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(
            System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(builder.Configuration["JWT:SigningKey"])
        )
    };
});

// Links me up to my Interface/Repo Design Pattern
builder.Services.AddScoped<IStockRepo, StockRepository>();
builder.Services.AddScoped<ICommentRepo, CommentRepository>();
builder.Services.AddScoped<ITokenService, TokenService>();
builder.Services.AddScoped<IPortfolioRepo, PortfolioRepository>();

var app = builder.Build();

// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseSwagger();
    app.UseSwaggerUI();
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();

// Enables the JWT Authentication for the application
app.UseAuthentication(); // NB: This always comes before the Authorization

app.UseAuthorization();

app.MapControllers(); // Connects to the controllers 

app.Run();