loops.py

# ================================
# LOOP PLAYGROUND PROJECT
# Learn about: for loops, while loops, if, break, continue, else with loops
# ================================

print("=== FOR LOOP EXAMPLE ===")

# A for loop repeats a block of code for each item in a sequence (like a list or range).
for i in range(5):  # range(5) generates numbers: 0,1,2,3,4
    print("Iteration:", i)

print("\n=== WHILE LOOP EXAMPLE ===")

# A while loop keeps repeating as long as its condition is True.
counter = 0
while counter < 5:  # keep looping until counter reaches 5
    print("Counter is:", counter)
    counter += 1  # increment counter to avoid infinite loop

print("\n=== IF STATEMENT INSIDE LOOP ===")

# We can use if inside loops to make decisions.
for num in range(1, 6):
    if num % 2 == 0:  # check if number is even
        print(num, "is even")
    else:  # otherwise, it's odd
        print(num, "is odd")

print("\n=== BREAK STATEMENT ===")

# 'break' immediately stops the loop
for num in range(1, 10):
    if num == 5:
        print("Reached 5, breaking the loop.")
        break  # stop loop completely
    print("Number:", num)

print("\n=== CONTINUE STATEMENT ===")

# 'continue' skips the current iteration and goes to the next one
for num in range(1, 6):
    if num == 3:
        print("Skipping 3")
        continue  # skip printing 3
    print("Number:", num)

print("\n=== ELSE WITH LOOP ===")

# Loops can have an 'else' block that runs if the loop finishes normally (no break).
for num in range(1, 4):
    print("Number:", num)
else:
    print("Loop finished without break!")

print("\n=== ELSE WITH BREAK ===")

# If a break happens, the else block will NOT run.
for num in range(1, 6):
    if num == 3:
        print("Breaking at 3")
        break
    print("Number:", num)
else:
    print("This will not print because of break.")