Patched synapses added (#68)

* Patched synapses added

* Update __init__.py

* Update patch_utils.py

patch_with_stride & patch_with_overlap functions + Create_Patches class added

* Update patchedSynapse.py

* Update hebbianPatchedSynapse.py

* Update synapse_plot.py

order added

Author: Faezehabibi

ngclearn/components/synapses/__init__.py

@@ -20,3 +20,7 @@
 from .convolution.traceSTDPDeconvSynapse import TraceSTDPDeconvSynapse
 ## modulated synaptic components
 from .modulated.MSTDPETSynapse import MSTDPETSynapse
+## patched synaptic components
+from .patched.patchedSynapse import PatchedSynapse
+from .patched.staticPatchedSynapse import StaticPatchedSynapse
+from .patched.hebbianPatchedSynapse import HebbianPatchedSynapse

ngclearn/components/synapses/patched/hebbianPatchedSynapse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+from jax import random, numpy as jnp, jit
+from functools import partial
+from ngclearn.utils.optim import get_opt_init_fn, get_opt_step_fn
+from ngclearn import resolver, Component, Compartment
+from ngclearn.components.synapses import PatchedSynapse
+from ngclearn.utils import tensorstats
+
+@partial(jit, static_argnums=[3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
+def _calc_update(pre, post, W, w_mask, w_bound, is_nonnegative=True, signVal=1., w_decay=0.,
+                 pre_wght=1., post_wght=1.):
+    """
+    Compute a tensor of adjustments to be applied to a synaptic value matrix.
+
+    Args:
+        pre: pre-synaptic statistic to drive Hebbian update
+
+        post: post-synaptic statistic to drive Hebbian update
+
+        W: synaptic weight values (at time t)
+
+        w_bound: maximum value to enforce over newly computed efficacies
+
+        is_nonnegative: (Unused)
+
+        signVal: multiplicative factor to modulate final update by (good for
+            flipping the signs of a computed synaptic change matrix)
+
+        w_decay: synaptic decay factor to apply to this update
+
+        pre_wght: pre-synaptic weighting term (Default: 1.)
+
+        post_wght: post-synaptic weighting term (Default: 1.)
+
+    Returns:
+        an update/adjustment matrix, an update adjustment vector (for biases)
+    """
+    _pre = pre * pre_wght
+    _post = post * post_wght
+    dW = jnp.matmul(_pre.T, _post)
+    db = jnp.sum(_post, axis=0, keepdims=True)
+    if w_bound > 0.:
+        dW = dW * (w_bound - jnp.abs(W))
+    if w_decay > 0.:
+        dW = dW - W * w_decay
+
+    if w_mask!=None:
+        dW = dW * w_mask
+
+    return dW * signVal, db * signVal
+
+@partial(jit, static_argnums=[1,2, 3])
+def _enforce_constraints(W, w_mask, w_bound, is_nonnegative=True):
+    """
+    Enforces constraints that the (synaptic) efficacies/values within matrix
+    `W` must adhere to.
+
+    Args:
+        W: synaptic weight values (at time t)
+
+        w_bound: maximum value to enforce over newly computed efficacies
+
+        is_nonnegative: ensure updated value matrix is strictly non-negative
+
+    Returns:
+        the newly evolved synaptic weight value matrix
+    """
+    _W = W
+    if w_bound > 0.:
+        if is_nonnegative == True:
+            _W = jnp.clip(_W, 0., w_bound)
+        else:
+            _W = jnp.clip(_W, -w_bound, w_bound)
+
+    if w_mask!=None:
+        _W = _W * w_mask
+
+    return _W
+
+class HebbianPatchedSynapse(PatchedSynapse):
+    """
+    A synaptic cable that adjusts its efficacies via a two-factor Hebbian
+    adjustment rule.
+
+    | --- Synapse Compartments: ---
+    | inputs - input (takes in external signals)
+    | outputs - output signals (transformation induced by synapses)
+    | weights - current value matrix of synaptic efficacies
+    | biases - current value vector of synaptic bias values
+    | key - JAX PRNG key
+    | --- Synaptic Plasticity Compartments: ---
+    | pre - pre-synaptic signal to drive first term of Hebbian update (takes in external signals)
+    | post - post-synaptic signal to drive 2nd term of Hebbian update (takes in external signals)
+    | dWweights - current delta matrix containing changes to be applied to synaptic efficacies
+    | dBiases - current delta vector containing changes to be applied to bias values
+    | opt_params - locally-embedded optimizer statisticis (e.g., Adam 1st/2nd moments if adam is used)
+
+    Args:
+        name: the string name of this cell
+
+        shape: tuple specifying shape of this synaptic cable (usually a 2-tuple
+            with number of inputs by number of outputs)
+
+        eta: global learning rate
+
+        weight_init: a kernel to drive initialization of this synaptic cable's values;
+            typically a tuple with 1st element as a string calling the name of
+            initialization to use
+
+        bias_init: a kernel to drive initialization of biases for this synaptic cable
+            (Default: None, which turns off/disables biases)
+
+        w_bound: maximum weight to softly bound this cable's value matrix to; if
+            set to 0, then no synaptic value bounding will be applied
+
+        is_nonnegative: enforce that synaptic efficacies are always non-negative
+            after each synaptic update (if False, no constraint will be applied)
+
+        w_decay: degree to which (L2) synaptic weight decay is applied to the
+            computed Hebbian adjustment (Default: 0); note that decay is not
+            applied to any configured biases
+
+        sign_value: multiplicative factor to apply to final synaptic update before
+            it is applied to synapses; this is useful if gradient descent style
+            optimization is required (as Hebbian rules typically yield
+            adjustments for ascent)
+
+        optim_type: optimization scheme to physically alter synaptic values
+            once an update is computed (Default: "sgd"); supported schemes
+            include "sgd" and "adam"
+
+            :Note: technically, if "sgd" or "adam" is used but `signVal = 1`,
+                then the ascent form of each rule is employed (signVal = -1) or
+                a negative learning rate will mean a descent form of the
+                `optim_scheme` is being employed
+
+        pre_wght: pre-synaptic weighting factor (Default: 1.)
+
+        post_wght: post-synaptic weighting factor (Default: 1.)
+
+        resist_scale: a fixed scaling factor to apply to synaptic transform
+            (Default: 1.), i.e., yields: out = ((W * Rscale) * in) + b
+
+        p_conn: probability of a connection existing (default: 1.); setting
+            this to < 1. will result in a sparser synaptic structure
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name, shape, n_sub_models, stride_shape=(0,0), eta=0., weight_init=None, bias_init=None,
+                 w_mask=None, w_bound=1., is_nonnegative=False, w_decay=0., sign_value=1.,
+                 optim_type="sgd", pre_wght=1., post_wght=1., p_conn=1.,
+                 resist_scale=1., batch_size=1, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(name, shape, n_sub_models, stride_shape, w_mask, weight_init, bias_init, resist_scale,
+                         p_conn, batch_size=batch_size, **kwargs)
+
+        self.n_sub_models = n_sub_models
+        self.sub_stride = stride_shape
+
+        self.shape = (shape[0] + (2 * stride_shape[0]),
+                      shape[1] + (2 * stride_shape[1]))
+        self.sub_shape = (shape[0]//n_sub_models + (2 * stride_shape[0]),
+                          shape[1]//n_sub_models + (2*  stride_shape[1]))
+
+        ## synaptic plasticity properties and characteristics
+        self.Rscale = resist_scale
+        self.w_bound = w_bound
+        self.w_decay = w_decay ## synaptic decay
+        self.pre_wght = pre_wght
+        self.post_wght = post_wght
+        self.eta = eta
+        self.is_nonnegative = is_nonnegative
+        self.sign_value = sign_value
+
+        ## optimization / adjustment properties (given learning dynamics above)
+        self.opt = get_opt_step_fn(optim_type, eta=self.eta)
+
+        # compartments (state of the cell, parameters, will be updated through stateless calls)
+        self.preVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size, self.shape[0]))
+        self.postVals = jnp.zeros((self.batch_size, self.shape[1]))
+        self.pre = Compartment(self.preVals)
+        self.post = Compartment(self.postVals)
+        self.w_mask = w_mask
+        self.dWeights = Compartment(jnp.zeros(self.shape))
+        self.dBiases = Compartment(jnp.zeros(self.shape[1]))
+
+        #key, subkey = random.split(self.key.value)
+        self.opt_params = Compartment(get_opt_init_fn(optim_type)(
+            [self.weights.value, self.biases.value]
+            if bias_init else [self.weights.value]))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _compute_update(w_mask, w_bound, is_nonnegative, sign_value, w_decay, pre_wght,
+                        post_wght, pre, post, weights):
+        ## calculate synaptic update values
+        dW, db = _calc_update(
+            pre, post, weights, w_mask, w_bound, is_nonnegative=is_nonnegative,
+            signVal=sign_value, w_decay=w_decay, pre_wght=pre_wght,
+            post_wght=post_wght)
+
+        return dW  * jnp.where(0 != jnp.abs(weights), 1, 0) , db
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _evolve(w_mask, opt, w_bound, is_nonnegative, sign_value, w_decay, pre_wght,
+                post_wght, bias_init, pre, post, weights, biases, opt_params):
+        ## calculate synaptic update values
+        dWeights, dBiases = HebbianPatchedSynapse._compute_update(
+            w_mask, w_bound, is_nonnegative, sign_value, w_decay,
+            pre_wght, post_wght, pre, post, weights
+        )
+        ## conduct a step of optimization - get newly evolved synaptic weight value matrix
+        if bias_init != None:
+            opt_params, [weights, biases] = opt(opt_params, [weights, biases], [dWeights, dBiases])
+        else:
+            # ignore db since no biases configured
+            opt_params, [weights] = opt(opt_params, [weights], [dWeights])
+        ## ensure synaptic efficacies adhere to constraints
+        weights = _enforce_constraints(weights, w_mask, w_bound, is_nonnegative=is_nonnegative)
+        return opt_params, weights, biases, dWeights, dBiases
+
+    @resolver(_evolve)
+    def evolve(self, opt_params, weights, biases, dWeights, dBiases):
+        self.opt_params.set(opt_params)
+        self.weights.set(weights)
+        self.biases.set(biases)
+        self.dWeights.set(dWeights)
+        self.dBiases.set(dBiases)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _reset(batch_size, shape):
+        preVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size, shape[0]))
+        postVals = jnp.zeros((batch_size, shape[1]))
+        return (
+            preVals, # inputs
+            postVals, # outputs
+            preVals, # pre
+            postVals, # post
+            jnp.zeros(shape), # dW
+            jnp.zeros(shape[1]), # db
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def help(cls): ## component help function
+        properties = {
+            "synapse_type": "HebbianSynapse - performs an adaptable synaptic "
+                            "transformation of inputs to produce output signals; "
+                            "synapses are adjusted via two-term/factor Hebbian adjustment"
+        }
+        compartment_props = {
+            "inputs":
+                {"inputs": "Takes in external input signal values",
+                 "pre": "Pre-synaptic statistic for Hebb rule (z_j)",
+                 "post": "Post-synaptic statistic for Hebb rule (z_i)"},
+            "states":
+                {"weights": "Synapse efficacy/strength parameter values",
+                 "biases": "Base-rate/bias parameter values",
+                 "key": "JAX PRNG key"},
+            "analytics":
+                {"dWeights": "Synaptic weight value adjustment matrix produced at time t",
+                 "dBiases": "Synaptic bias/base-rate value adjustment vector produced at time t"},
+            "outputs":
+                {"outputs": "Output of synaptic transformation"},
+        }
+        hyperparams = {
+            "shape": "Overall shape of synaptic weight value matrix; number inputs x number outputs",
+            "n_sub_models": "The number of submodels in each layer",
+            "stride_shape": "Stride shape of overlapping synaptic weight value matrix",
+            "batch_size": "Batch size dimension of this component",
+            "weight_init": "Initialization conditions for synaptic weight (W) values",
+            "bias_init": "Initialization conditions for bias/base-rate (b) values",
+            "resist_scale": "Resistance level scaling factor (applied to output of transformation)",
+            "p_conn": "Probability of a connection existing (otherwise, it is masked to zero)",
+            "is_nonnegative": "Should synapses be constrained to be non-negative post-updates?",
+            "sign_value": "Scalar `flipping` constant -- changes direction to Hebbian descent if < 0",
+            "eta": "Global (fixed) learning rate",
+            "pre_wght": "Pre-synaptic weighting coefficient (q_pre)",
+            "post_wght": "Post-synaptic weighting coefficient (q_post)",
+            "w_bound": "Soft synaptic bound applied to synapses post-update",
+            "w_decay": "Synaptic decay term",
+            "optim_type": "Choice of optimizer to adjust synaptic weights"
+        }
+        info = {cls.__name__: properties,
+                "compartments": compartment_props,
+                "dynamics": "outputs = [(W * Rscale) * inputs] + b ;"
+                            "dW_{ij}/dt = eta * [(z_j * q_pre) * (z_i * q_post)] - W_{ij} * w_decay",
+                "hyperparameters": hyperparams}
+        return info
+
+    @resolver(_reset)
+    def reset(self, inputs, outputs, pre, post, dWeights, dBiases):
+        self.inputs.set(inputs)
+        self.outputs.set(outputs)
+        self.pre.set(pre)
+        self.post.set(post)
+        self.dWeights.set(dWeights)
+        self.dBiases.set(dBiases)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        comps = [varname for varname in dir(self) if Compartment.is_compartment(getattr(self, varname))]
+        maxlen = max(len(c) for c in comps) + 5
+        lines = f"[{self.__class__.__name__}] PATH: {self.name}\n"
+        for c in comps:
+            stats = tensorstats(getattr(self, c).value)
+            if stats is not None:
+                line = [f"{k}: {v}" for k, v in stats.items()]
+                line = ", ".join(line)
+            else:
+                line = "None"
+            lines += f"  {f'({c})'.ljust(maxlen)}{line}\n"
+        return lines
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    from ngcsimlib.context import Context
+    with Context("Bar") as bar:
+        Wab = HebbianPatchedSynapse("Wab", (9, 30), 3)
+    print(Wab)
+    plt.imshow(Wab.weights.value, cmap='gray')
+    plt.show()