diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_record_usage_test.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_record_usage_test.go
index 7a636afad1..74a9c1b965 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_record_usage_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_record_usage_test.go
@@ -984,3 +984,72 @@ func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceRecordUsage_SimpleModeSkipsBillingAfterPersist(t *t
 	require.Equal(t, 0, userRepo.deductCalls)
 	require.Equal(t, 0, subRepo.incrementCalls)
 }
+
+// TestOpenAIGatewayServiceRecordUsage_UnknownBillingModelFallsBackToUpstream verifies that
+// when the billing model has no configured pricing (e.g. "gpt" without version), RecordUsage
+// falls back to the upstream model's pricing rather than silently billing zero.
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceRecordUsage_UnknownBillingModelFallsBackToUpstream(t *testing.T) {
+	usageRepo := &openAIRecordUsageLogRepoStub{inserted: true}
+	userRepo := &openAIRecordUsageUserRepoStub{}
+	subRepo := &openAIRecordUsageSubRepoStub{}
+	svc := newOpenAIRecordUsageServiceForTest(usageRepo, userRepo, subRepo, nil)
+
+	usage := OpenAIUsage{InputTokens: 10, OutputTokens: 5}
+
+	err := svc.RecordUsage(context.Background(), &OpenAIRecordUsageInput{
+		Result: &OpenAIForwardResult{
+			RequestID:     "resp_unknown_billing_model",
+			Usage:         usage,
+			Model:         "gpt",     // no pricing for bare "gpt"
+			BillingModel:  "gpt",     // same non-standard name
+			UpstreamModel: "gpt-5.1", // normalized model with known pricing
+			Duration:      time.Second,
+		},
+		APIKey:  &APIKey{ID: 1001, Group: &Group{RateMultiplier: 1}},
+		User:    &User{ID: 2001},
+		Account: &Account{ID: 3001},
+	})
+
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, usageRepo.lastLog)
+	// Cost must be non-zero: upstream model fallback should have been used.
+	require.Greater(t, usageRepo.lastLog.ActualCost, 0.0, "expected non-zero cost after upstream model fallback")
+	require.Greater(t, userRepo.lastAmount, 0.0, "expected non-zero deduction after upstream model fallback")
+}
+
+// TestOpenAIGatewayServiceRecordUsage_BillingModelPreferredOverRequestedModel verifies that
+// when BillingModel is explicitly set (Messages/Anthropic compat path), it is used for billing
+// instead of the client-visible model name.
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceRecordUsage_BillingModelPreferredOverRequestedModel(t *testing.T) {
+	usageRepo := &openAIRecordUsageLogRepoStub{inserted: true}
+	userRepo := &openAIRecordUsageUserRepoStub{}
+	subRepo := &openAIRecordUsageSubRepoStub{}
+	svc := newOpenAIRecordUsageServiceForTest(usageRepo, userRepo, subRepo, nil)
+
+	usage := OpenAIUsage{InputTokens: 20, OutputTokens: 8}
+
+	err := svc.RecordUsage(context.Background(), &OpenAIRecordUsageInput{
+		Result: &OpenAIForwardResult{
+			RequestID:     "resp_billing_model_preferred",
+			Usage:         usage,
+			Model:         "claude-opus-4-6", // client-visible Claude model (no GPT pricing)
+			BillingModel:  "gpt-5.1-codex",   // actual billing model set by Messages compat path
+			UpstreamModel: "gpt-5.1-codex",
+			Duration:      time.Second,
+		},
+		APIKey:  &APIKey{ID: 1002, Group: &Group{RateMultiplier: 1}},
+		User:    &User{ID: 2002},
+		Account: &Account{ID: 3002},
+	})
+
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, usageRepo.lastLog)
+
+	// Cost should use gpt-5.1-codex pricing, not claude-opus pricing.
+	expectedCost, calcErr := svc.billingService.CalculateCost("gpt-5.1-codex", UsageTokens{
+		InputTokens:  usage.InputTokens,
+		OutputTokens: usage.OutputTokens,
+	}, 1.0)
+	require.NoError(t, calcErr)
+	require.InDelta(t, expectedCost.ActualCost, usageRepo.lastLog.ActualCost, 1e-12)
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_service.go b/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_service.go
index e85f0705aa..d15ab1084a 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/openai_gateway_service.go
@@ -4152,12 +4152,23 @@ func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) RecordUsage(ctx context.Context, input *OpenAIRec
 		multiplier = resolver.Resolve(ctx, user.ID, *apiKey.GroupID, apiKey.Group.RateMultiplier)
 	}
 
-	billingModel := forwardResultBillingModel(result.Model, result.UpstreamModel)
+	// Prefer BillingModel when explicitly set (e.g., Anthropic Messages compat path where
+	// the requested model is a Claude model but billing should use the mapped GPT model).
+	billingModel := result.BillingModel
+	if billingModel == "" {
+		billingModel = forwardResultBillingModel(result.Model, result.UpstreamModel)
+	}
 	serviceTier := ""
 	if result.ServiceTier != nil {
 		serviceTier = strings.TrimSpace(*result.ServiceTier)
 	}
 	cost, err := s.billingService.CalculateCostWithServiceTier(billingModel, tokens, multiplier, serviceTier)
+	if err != nil && result.UpstreamModel != "" && result.UpstreamModel != billingModel {
+		// Fallback: try upstream model pricing when billing model has no configured price.
+		// This handles cases where billingModel is a non-standard name (e.g. "gpt" without
+		// version) while upstreamModel is always normalized to a known model (e.g. "gpt-5.1").
+		cost, err = s.billingService.CalculateCostWithServiceTier(result.UpstreamModel, tokens, multiplier, serviceTier)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		cost = &CostBreakdown{ActualCost: 0}
 	}