cedar2025 · hi1king · Dec 3, 2025
diff --git a/MIGRATION.md b/MIGRATION.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+This document details the usage of the `migrate:sqlite-to-db` Artisan command, which provides a robust and interactive way to migrate data from a SQLite database to a specified relational database (MySQL or PostgreSQL). It handles schema migration, data transfer, and updates your `.env` configuration.
+
+Here's the detailed breakdown of the tool:
+
+
+
+#### 1. 交互式选择（推荐）
+
+如果你不确定或想每次都选择，直接运行命令，它会提示你：
+
+```bash
+php artisan migrate:sqlite-to-db
+```
+
+#### 2. 直接指定目标数据库
+
+如果你确定目标数据库类型，可以使用 `--target` 选项：
+
+```bash
+php artisan migrate:sqlite-to-db --target=mysql
+# 或
+php artisan migrate:sqlite-to-db --target=pgsql
+```
+
+#### 3. 生产环境运行
+
+在生产环境中运行此命令需要添加 `--force` 选项：
+
+```bash
+php artisan migrate:sqlite-to-db --force
+# 或
+php artisan migrate:sqlite-to-db --target=mysql --force
+```
+
+**重要提示:**
+
+*   运行此命令前，请确保目标数据库服务器正在运行，并且您已创建了一个空的数据库。
+*   此命令会运行 `migrate:fresh`，这意味着它会删除目标数据库中的所有表并重新创建它们。
+*   完成迁移后，请务必重启您的 Web 服务器和 PHP-FPM 进程，以使新的数据库配置生效。例如：
+    ```bash
+    sudo systemctl restart nginx
+    sudo systemctl restart php8.1-fpm # 使用您的 PHP 版本
+    ```
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/MigrateDatabase.php b/app/Console/Commands/MigrateDatabase.php
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Console\Commands;
+
+use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\File;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Artisan;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Column;
+
+class MigrateDatabase extends Command
+{
+    /**
+     * The name and signature of the console command.
+     * 添加了 --target 选项来指定目标数据库类型
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $signature = 'migrate:sqlite-to-db {--target=mysql : The target database type (mysql, pgsql)} {--force : Force the operation to run when in production}';
+
+    /**
+     * The console command description.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $description = 'Interactively migrate all data from SQLite to a specified database (MySQL, PostgreSQL).';
+
+    /**
+     * The original .env content.
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $originalEnvContent;
+
+    /**
+     * The chosen target database configuration.
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $targetDbConfig;
+
+    /**
+     * Supported database configurations.
+     * 添加新数据库支持，只需在这里添加配置即可
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected $supportedDatabases = [
+        'mysql' => [
+            'name' => 'MySQL / MariaDB',
+            'driver' => 'mysql',
+            'default_port' => '3306',
+            'env_keys' => [
+                'connection' => 'DB_CONNECTION',
+                'host' => 'DB_HOST',
+                'port' => 'DB_PORT',
+                'database' => 'DB_DATABASE',
+                'username' => 'DB_USERNAME',
+                'password' => 'DB_PASSWORD',
+            ],
+            'default_values' => [
+                'integer' => 0, 'bigint' => 0, 'smallint' => 0, 'decimal' => 0, 'float' => 0,
+                'string' => '', 'text' => '', 'guid' => '',
+                'boolean' => 0, // MySQL uses TINYINT(1)
+                'datetime' => '1970-01-01 00:00:00', 'date' => '1970-01-01', 'timestamp' => '1970-01-01 00:00:00',
+            ],
+        ],
+        'pgsql' => [
+            'name' => 'PostgreSQL',
+            'driver' => 'pgsql',
+            'default_port' => '5432',
+            'env_keys' => [
+                'connection' => 'DB_CONNECTION',
+                'host' => 'DB_HOST',
+                'port' => 'DB_PORT',
+                'database' => 'DB_DATABASE',
+                'username' => 'DB_USERNAME',
+                'password' => 'DB_PASSWORD',
+            ],
+            'default_values' => [
+                'integer' => 0, 'bigint' => 0, 'smallint' => 0, 'decimal' => 0, 'float' => 0,
+                'string' => '', 'text' => '', 'guid' => '',
+                'boolean' => false, // PostgreSQL uses native boolean
+                'datetime' => '1970-01-01 00:00:00', 'date' => '1970-01-01', 'timestamp' => '1970-01-01 00:00:00',
+            ],
+        ],
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Execute the console command.
+     *
+     * @return int
+     */
+    public function handle()
+    {
+        if (!class_exists('Doctrine\DBAL\Schema\Column')) {
+            $this->error('The "doctrine/dbal" package is required. Please run: composer require doctrine/dbal');
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->laravel->environment() === 'production' && !$this->option('force')) {
+            $this->error('This command cannot be run in production environment without --force flag.');
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        $this->info('🚀 Starting robust SQLite to Database migration tool...');
+        $this->warn('Please ensure your target database server is running and you have created an empty database.');
+
+        // 1. 确定目标数据库类型
+        $this->determineTargetDatabase();
+
+        // 2. 备份并更新 .env 文件
+        $this->backupAndUpdateEnv();
+
+        // 3. 清除配置缓存
+        $this->info('Clearing configuration cache...');
+        Artisan::call('config:clear');
+
+        // 4. 运行数据库结构迁移
+        $this->info("Running database migrations to create tables in {$this->targetDbConfig['name']}...");
+        Artisan::call('migrate:fresh', ['--force' => true]);
+
+        // 5. 执行通用数据迁移
+        $this->performDataMigration();
+
+        // 6. 完成
+        $this->info("✅ Data migration to {$this->targetDbConfig['name']} completed successfully!");
+        $this->warn('Please restart your web server and PHP-FPM to apply the new database configuration.');
+        $this->info('Example commands to restart services (may vary by system):');
+        $this->line('  sudo systemctl restart nginx');
+        $this->line('  sudo systemctl restart php8.1-fpm'); // Use your PHP version
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 确定目标数据库类型
+     */
+    private function determineTargetDatabase()
+    {
+        $target = $this->option('target');
+        if (!isset($this->supportedDatabases[$target])) {
+            $choices = array_column($this->supportedDatabases, 'name', 'driver');
+            $chosenDriver = $this->choice('Which database do you want to migrate to?', $choices, 'mysql');
+            $target = array_search($chosenDriver, $choices);
+        }
+        $this->targetDbConfig = $this->supportedDatabases[$target];
+        $this->info("Target database selected: {$this->targetDbConfig['name']}");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 备份原始 .env 并更新数据库配置
+     */
+    private function backupAndUpdateEnv()
+    {
+        $envPath = base_path('.env');
+        if (!File::exists($envPath)) {
+            // If .env does not exist, copy from .env.example
+            if (File::exists(base_path('.env.example'))) {
+                File::copy(base_path('.env.example'), $envPath);
+                $this->info('.env file not found. Created one from .env.example.');
+            } else {
+                $this->error('.env file not found, and no .env.example exists to copy from.');
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        $this->originalEnvContent = File::get($envPath);
+        $backupPath = base_path('.env.backup.' . date('YmdHis'));
+        File::put($backupPath, $this->originalEnvContent);
+        $this->info("Original .env backed up to: {$backupPath}");
+
+        $this->info("Please provide your {$this->targetDbConfig['name']} connection details:");
+
+        $keys = $this->targetDbConfig['env_keys'];
+        $host = $this->ask('Host', '127.0.0.1');
+        $port = $this->ask('Port', $this->targetDbConfig['default_port']);
+        $database = $this->ask('Database Name');
+        $username = $this->ask('Username');
+        $password = $this->secret('Password');
+
+        $newEnvContent = Str::of($this->originalEnvContent)
+            ->replaceMatches("/^{$keys['connection']}=.*/m", "{$keys['connection']}={$this->targetDbConfig['driver']}")
+            ->replaceMatches("/^{$keys['host']}=.*/m", "{$keys['host']}={$host}")
+            ->replaceMatches("/^{$keys['port']}=.*/m", "{$keys['port']}={$port}")
+            ->replaceMatches("/^{$keys['database']}=.*/m", "{$keys['database']}={$database}")
+            ->replaceMatches("/^{$keys['username']}=.*/m", "{$keys['username']}={$username}")
+            ->replaceMatches("/^{$keys['password']}=.*/m", "{$keys['password']}={$password}");
+
+        File::put($envPath, $newEnvContent);
+        $this->info('.env file has been updated.');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 执行通用数据迁移
+     */
+    private function performDataMigration()
+    {
+        // Set up the source SQLite connection dynamically
+        $sqlitePath = '';
+        if (config('database.connections.sqlite')) {
+            $sqlitePath = config('database.connections.sqlite.database');
+        }
+
+        if ($sqlitePath == ':memory:' || empty($sqlitePath) || !File::exists($sqlitePath)) {
+             $sqlitePath = $this->ask('Please provide the path to the source SQLite database file');
+        }
+
+        if (!File::exists($sqlitePath)) {
+            $this->error("SQLite file not found at: {$sqlitePath}");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        config(['database.connections.sqlite_source' => [
+            'driver' => 'sqlite',
+            'database' => $sqlitePath,
+            'prefix' => '',
+        ]]);
+
+
+        Schema::connection($this->targetDbConfig['driver'])->disableForeignKeyConstraints();
+
+        $tables = $this->getSqliteTables();
+        $progressBar = $this->output->createProgressBar(count($tables));
+        $progressBar->start();
+
+        foreach ($tables as $table) {
+            $this->migrateTable($table);
+            $progressBar->advance();
+        }
+
+        $progressBar->finish();
+        $this->newLine(2);
+        Schema::connection($this->targetDbConfig['driver'])->enableForeignKeyConstraints();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取 SQLite 数据库中的所有用户表
+     */
+    private function getSqliteTables(): array
+    {
+        $tables = DB::connection('sqlite_source')->select("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%' AND name != 'migrations'");
+        return array_column($tables, 'name');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 通用表迁移函数
+     */
+    private function migrateTable(string $tableName)
+    {
+        try {
+            // 获取目标表（MySQL/PostgreSQL）的详细列信息
+            $targetColumns = $this->getTargetTableColumnsDetails($tableName);
+
+            // 分批从 SQLite 读取数据并插入到目标数据库
+            DB::connection('sqlite_source')->table($tableName)->orderBy('id')->chunk(200, function ($rows) use ($targetColumns, $tableName) {
+                $insertData = [];
+                foreach ($rows as $row) {
+                    $rowData = (array)$row;
+                    $processedData = [];
+                    foreach ($targetColumns as $column) {
+                        $columnName = $column->getName();
+
+                        if (array_key_exists($columnName, $rowData)) {
+                            $value = $rowData[$columnName];
+                            // 处理 NULL 值
+                            if ($value === null && $column->getNotnull() && !$column->getAutoincrement()) {
+                                $defaultValue = $column->getDefault();
+                                if ($defaultValue !== null) {
+                                     // Let the database handle the default value on insert
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                                // 提供一个安全的默认值
+                                $value = $this->getSafeDefaultValue($column);
+                            }
+                            $processedData[$columnName] = $value;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    $insertData[] = $processedData;
+                }
+
+                if (!empty($insertData)) {
+                    DB::connection($this->targetDbConfig['driver'])->table($tableName)->insert($insertData);
+                }
+            });
+        } catch(\Exception $e) {
+            $this->error("\nCould not migrate table '{$tableName}'. Error: {$e->getMessage()}");
+            $this->warn("Skipping table '{$tableName}'.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取目标数据库表的详细列信息
+     */
+    private function getTargetTableColumnsDetails(string $tableName): array
+    {
+        $schemaManager = DB::connection($this->targetDbConfig['driver'])->getDoctrineSchemaManager();
+        if (!$schemaManager->tablesExist([$tableName])) {
+             throw new \Exception("Table '{$tableName}' does not exist in the target database. Please ensure all migrations have run correctly.");
+        }
+        $tableDetails = $schemaManager->listTableDetails($tableName);
+        return $tableDetails->getColumns();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 根据列的类型和目标数据库，为 NULL 值提供一个安全的默认值
+     */
+    private function getSafeDefaultValue(Column $column)
+    {
+        $type = strtolower($column->getType()->getName());
+        $defaultValues = $this->targetDbConfig['default_values'];
+
+        // 处理类型别名，例如 'int' vs 'integer'
+        $typeMap = [
+            'int' => 'integer', 'int4' => 'integer', // PostgreSQL
+            'int8' => 'bigint', // PostgreSQL
+            'varchar' => 'string',
+            'bool' => 'boolean', // PostgreSQL
+            'timestamp without time zone' => 'timestamp', // PostgreSQL
+        ];
+        $normalizedType = $typeMap[$type] ?? $type;
+
+        return $defaultValues[$normalizedType] ?? '';
+    }
+}