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title_announcement: "[email protected]: Now the Default on npm with LTS Timeline"
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body_announcement: "Express 5.1.0 is now the default on npm, and we're introducing an official LTS schedule for the v4 and v5 release lines. <a href='https://expressjs.com/2025/03/31/v5-1-latest-release.html'>Check out our latest blog for more information.</a>"
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community-caveat-alert: "This information refers to third-party sites, products, or modules that are not maintained by the Expressjs team. Listing here does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation from the Expressjs project team."
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warning: 'Warning'
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note: 'Note'
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caution: 'Caution'
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i18n_notice: "This document might be outdated relative to the documentation in English. For the latest updates, please refer to the"
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i18n_notice_link_text: "documentation in english"
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title_announcement: "[email protected]: Agora o Padrão no npm com LTS Timeline"
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body_announcement: "Expresse 5.1.0 agora é o padrão do npm, e estamos introduzindo um cronograma oficial de LTS para as linhas de lançamento v4 e v5. <a href='https://expressjs.com/2025/03/31/v5-1-latest-release.html'>Confira nosso último blog para obter mais informações.</a>"
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community-caveat-alert: "Esta informação refere-se a sites de terceiros, produtos ou módulos que não são mantidos pela equipe do Expressjs. A listagem aqui não constitui um endosso ou recomendação da equipe de projeto Expressjs."
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warning: 'Atenção'
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note: 'Observação'
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caution: 'Atenção'
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i18n_notice: "Este documento pode estar desatualizado em relação à documentação em inglês. Para as últimas atualizações, por favor consulte o"
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@@ -237,18 +237,18 @@ a future release of Express.
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### Steps for contributing
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1. Create an issue for the
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bug you want to fix or the feature that you want to add.
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bug you want to fix or the feature that you want to add.
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2. Create your own fork on GitHub, then
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checkout your fork.
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checkout your fork.
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3. Write your code in your local copy. It's good practice to create a branch for
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each new issue you work on, although not compulsory.
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each new issue you work on, although not compulsory.
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4. To run the test suite, first install the dependencies by running `npm install`,
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then run `npm test`.
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then run `npm test`.
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5. Ensure your code is linted by running `npm run lint` -- fix any issue you
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see listed.
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see listed.
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6. If the tests pass, you can commit your changes to your fork and then create
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a pull request from there. Make sure to reference your issue from the pull
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request comments by including the issue number e.g. `#123`.
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a pull request from there. Make sure to reference your issue from the pull
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request comments by including the issue number e.g. `#123`.
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### Issues which are questions
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@@ -346,22 +346,22 @@ This is the contribution documentation for the [expressjs.com](https://github.co
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#### Need some ideas? These are some typical issues.
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1.**Website issues**: If you see anything on the site that could use a tune-up, think about how to fix it.
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- Display or screen sizing problems
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- Mobile responsiveness issues
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- Missing or broken accessibility features
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- Website outages
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- Broken links
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- Page structure or user interface enhancements
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- Display or screen sizing problems
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- Mobile responsiveness issues
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- Missing or broken accessibility features
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- Website outages
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- Broken links
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- Page structure or user interface enhancements
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2.**Content Issues**: Fix anything related to site content or typos.
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- Spelling errors
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- Incorrect/outdated Express JS documentation
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- Missing content
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- Spelling errors
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- Incorrect/outdated Express JS documentation
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- Missing content
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3.**Translation Issues**: Fix any translation errors or contribute new content.
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- Fix spelling errors
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- Fix incorrect/poorly translated words
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- Check out the [Contributing translations](#contributing-translations) section below for a contributing guide.
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- Fix spelling errors
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- Fix incorrect/poorly translated words
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- Check out the [Contributing translations](#contributing-translations) section below for a contributing guide.
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#### Want to work on a backlog issue?
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@@ -384,12 +384,12 @@ The steps below will guide you through the Expressjs.com contribution process.
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So you've found a problem that you want to fix, or have a site enhancement you want to make.
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1. If you want to get feedback or discuss, open a discussion [issue](https://github.com/expressjs/expressjs.com/issues/new/choose) prior to starting work. This is not required, but encouraged for larger proposals.
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- While we highly encourage this step, it is only for submissions proposing significant change. It helps us to clarify and focus the work, and ensure it aligns with overall project priorities.
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- For submissions proposing minor improvements or corrections, this is not needed. You can skip this step.
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- When opening an issue please give it a title and fill in the description section. The more details you provide, the more feedback we can give.
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- While we highly encourage this step, it is only for submissions proposing significant change. It helps us to clarify and focus the work, and ensure it aligns with overall project priorities.
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- For submissions proposing minor improvements or corrections, this is not needed. You can skip this step.
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- When opening an issue please give it a title and fill in the description section. The more details you provide, the more feedback we can give.
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2. After receiving your issue the Express JS documentation team will respond with feedback. We read every submission and always try to respond quickly with feedback.
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- For submissions proposing significant change, we encourage you to follow the review process before starting work.
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- For submissions proposing significant change, we encourage you to follow the review process before starting work.
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#### Step 2: Get the Application Code Base
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Now you'll need a way to see your changes, which means you'll need a running version of the application. You have two options.
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1.**Run Locally**: This gets the local version of the application up and running on your machine. Follow our [Local Setup Guide](https://github.com/expressjs/expressjs.com?tab=readme-ov-file#build-the-website-locally) to use this option.
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- This is the recommended option for moderate to complex work.
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- This is the recommended option for moderate to complex work.
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2.**Run using Deploy Preview**: Use this option if you don't want to bother with a local installation. Part of our continuous integration pipeline includes [Netlify Deploy Preview](https://docs.netlify.com/site-deploys/deploy-previews/).
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1. To use this you'll need to get your changes online - after you've made your first commit on your feature branch, make a _draft_ pull request.
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2. After the build steps are complete, you'll have access to a **Deploy Preview** tab that will run your changes on the web, rebuilding after each commit is pushed.
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3. After you are completely done your work and it's ready for review, remove the draft status on your pull request and submit your work.
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1. To use this you'll need to get your changes online - after you've made your first commit on your feature branch, make a _draft_ pull request.
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2. After the build steps are complete, you'll have access to a **Deploy Preview** tab that will run your changes on the web, rebuilding after each commit is pushed.
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3. After you are completely done your work and it's ready for review, remove the draft status on your pull request and submit your work.
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---
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layout: api
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version: 3x
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title: Express 3.x - API Reference
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description: Access the API reference for Express.js version 3.x, noting that this version is end-of-life and no longer maintained - includes details on modules and methods.
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title: Express 3.x - Referência de API
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description: Acesso à referência da API do Express.js versão 3.x, observando que esta versão é final de vida e não mais mantida - inclui detalhes sobre módulos e métodos.
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menu: api
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redirect_from: ""
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---
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This series will continue to receive only security updates and bug fixes until July 2015. It is highly recommended to upgrade to Express 4.x.
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If you are unable to upgrade past 3.x, please consider [Commercial Support Options](/{{ page.lang }}/support#commercial-support-options).
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Se você não puder atualizar as últimas 3.x, por favor considere as [Opções de Suporte Comercial](/{{ page.lang }}/support#comercial-support-options).
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layout: api
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version: 4x
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title: Express 4.x - Referência de API
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description: Access the API reference for Express.js 4.x, detailing all modules, methods, and properties for building web applications with this version.
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description: Acesse a referência da API para Express.js 4.x, detalhando todos os módulos, métodos e propriedades para construir aplicações web com esta versão.
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layout: api
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version: 5x
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title: Express 5.x - Referência da API
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description: Access the API reference for Express.js 5.x, detailing all modules, methods, and properties for building web applications with this latest version.
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description: Acesse a referência da API para Express.js 5.x, detalhando todos os módulos, métodos e propriedades para construir aplicações web com esta versão mais recente.
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---
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layout: page
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title: Melhores Práticas de Desempenho Usando o Express em Produção
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description: Discover performance and reliability best practices for Express apps in production, covering code optimizations and environment setups for optimal performance.
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description: Descubra desempenho e confiabilidade melhores práticas para aplicativos Express na produção, cobrindo otimizações de código e configurações de ambiente para um desempenho ideal.
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menu: advanced
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Apesar de o Node e muitos módulos fornecerem versões síncronas e assíncronas de suas funções, sempre use as versões assíncronas na produção. O único momento em que o uso de uma função síncrona pode ser justificado é na primeira inicialização.
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You can use the `--trace-sync-io`command-line flag to print a warning and a stack trace whenever your application uses a synchronous API. Obviamente, não seria desejado usar isto na produção, mas sim antes, para garantir que seu código está pronto para produção. Consulte a Atualização
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Se estiver usando o Node.js + ou o .+, é possível usar a sinalização `--trace-sync-io`da linha de comandos para imprimir um aviso e um rastreio de pilha sempre que o seu aplicativo usar uma API síncrona. Obviamente, não seria desejado usar isto na produção, mas sim antes, para garantir que seu código está pronto para produção. Consulte a Atualização
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semanal para o io.js 2.1.0 para obter mais informações.
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### Lide com exceções adequadamente
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Em geral, existem duas razões para registrar logs em seu aplicativo: Para depuração e para registro de logs de atividade do aplicativo (essencialmente, todo o resto). Usar
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o `console.log()` ou o `console.err()` para imprimir mensagens de log no
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terminal é uma prática comum em desenvolvimento. But [these functions are synchronous](https://nodejs.org/api/console.html#console) when the destination is a terminal or a file, so they are not suitable for production, unless you pipe the output to another program.
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terminal é uma prática comum em desenvolvimento. Mas essas
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funções são síncronas quando o destino é um terminal ou um arquivo, portanto elas não são adequadas para produção, a não ser que
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a saída seja canalizada para outro programa.
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#### For debugging
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#### Para depuração
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Se estiver registrando logs com o propósito de depuração, então ao invés de usar o `console.log()`, use um módulo
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especial para depuração como o [debug](https://www.npmjs.com/package/debug). Este
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#### Para atividade do aplicativo
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If you're logging app activity (for example, tracking traffic or API calls), instead of using `console.log()`, use a logging library like [Pino](https://www.npmjs.com/package/pino), which is the fastest and most efficient option available.
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Se estiver registrando logs de atividade do aplicativo (por
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exemplo, rastreamento de tráfico ou chamadas de API), ao invés de
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usar o `console.log()`, use uma biblioteca de
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registro de logs como [Winston](https://www.npmjs.com/package/pino) ou Bunyan.
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### Lide com exceções adequadamente
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-[Manipulação de Erros no Node.js](https://www.tritondatacenter.com/node-js/production/design/errors)
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#### Use try-catch
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#### Usar try-catch
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Try-catch é uma construção da linguagem JavaScript que pode ser usada para capturar exceções em um código síncrono. Use try-catch, por exemplo, para tratar erros de análise sintática de JSON como mostrado abaixo.
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#### Use promessas
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When an error is thrown in an `async`function or a rejected promise is awaited inside an `async` function, those errors will be passed to the error handler as if calling`next(err)`
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Quando um erro é lançado em uma função `async`ou uma promessa rejeitada é aguardada dentro de uma função `async`, esses erros serão passados para o manipulador de erros como se chamando`next(err)`
Best practice is to handle errors as close to the site as possible. So while this is now handled in the router, it’s best to catch the error in the middleware and handle it without relying on separate error-handling middleware.
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A melhor prática é lidar com os erros o mais próximo possível do site. Então enquanto isso é manipulado no roteador, É melhor encontrar o erro no middleware e lidar com ele sem depender de um middleware separado para manipular erros.
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#### O que não fazer
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spawn de processos de trabalho e distribua conexões recebidas entre
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os trabalhadores.
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#### Using PM2
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#### Usando PM2
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If you deploy your application with PM2, then you can take advantage of clustering _without_ modifying your application code. You should ensure your [application is stateless](https://pm2.keymetrics.io/docs/usage/specifics/#stateless-apps) first, meaning no local data is stored in the process (such as sessions, websocket connections and the like).
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