diff --git a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/FlatList.js b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/FlatList.js
index 43256b3f79db..2f618cea1f8d 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/FlatList.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/FlatList.js
@@ -177,6 +177,78 @@ function isArrayLike(data: unknown): boolean {
   return typeof Object(data).length === 'number';
 }
 
+function getItemCountForAccessibility<ItemT>(
+  data: ?Readonly<$ArrayLike<ItemT>>,
+): number {
+  return data != null && isArrayLike(data) ? data.length : 0;
+}
+
+function createAccessibilityCollection<ItemT>(
+  data: ?Readonly<$ArrayLike<ItemT>>,
+  numColumns: number,
+): {
+  itemCount: number,
+  rowCount: number,
+  columnCount: number,
+  hierarchical: boolean,
+} {
+  const itemCount = getItemCountForAccessibility(data);
+  return {
+    itemCount,
+    rowCount: numColumns > 1 ? Math.ceil(itemCount / numColumns) : itemCount,
+    columnCount: numColumns,
+    hierarchical: false,
+  };
+}
+
+type AccessibilityCollectionItem = Readonly<{
+  itemIndex: number,
+  rowIndex: number,
+  rowSpan: number,
+  columnIndex: number,
+  columnSpan: number,
+  heading: boolean,
+  ...
+}>;
+
+function createAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+  itemIndex: number,
+  rowIndex: number,
+  columnIndex: number,
+  horizontal: boolean,
+): AccessibilityCollectionItem {
+  return {
+    itemIndex,
+    rowIndex: horizontal ? 0 : rowIndex,
+    rowSpan: 1,
+    columnIndex: horizontal ? itemIndex : columnIndex,
+    columnSpan: 1,
+    heading: false,
+  };
+}
+
+function addAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+  element: React.Node,
+  accessibilityCollectionItem: ?AccessibilityCollectionItem,
+): React.Node {
+  if (
+    accessibilityCollectionItem == null ||
+    !React.isValidElement(element) ||
+    element.type === React.Fragment
+  ) {
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  // $FlowFixMe[prop-missing] React.Element internal inspection.
+  if (element.props.accessibilityCollectionItem !== undefined) {
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  return React.cloneElement(element, {
+    accessibilityCollectionItem,
+  });
+}
+
 type FlatListBaseProps<ItemT> = {
   ...RequiredFlatListProps<ItemT>,
   ...OptionalFlatListProps<ItemT>,
@@ -634,6 +706,8 @@ class FlatList<ItemT = any> extends React.PureComponent<FlatListProps<ItemT>> {
     };
 
     const renderProp = (info: ListRenderItemInfo<ItemT>) => {
+      const isAndroid = Platform.OS === 'android';
+      const isHorizontal = this.props.horizontal === true;
       if (cols > 1) {
         const {item, index} = info;
         invariant(
@@ -641,22 +715,49 @@ class FlatList<ItemT = any> extends React.PureComponent<FlatListProps<ItemT>> {
           'Expected array of items with numColumns > 1',
         );
         return (
-          <View style={StyleSheet.compose(styles.row, columnWrapperStyle)}>
+          <View
+            accessibilityCollectionItem={isAndroid ? null : undefined}
+            style={StyleSheet.compose(styles.row, columnWrapperStyle)}>
             {item.map((it, kk) => {
+              const itemIndex = index * cols + kk;
+              const itemAccessibilityCollectionItem = isAndroid
+                ? createAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+                    itemIndex,
+                    index,
+                    kk,
+                    isHorizontal,
+                  )
+                : undefined;
               const element = render({
                 // $FlowFixMe[incompatible-type]
                 item: it,
-                index: index * cols + kk,
+                index: itemIndex,
                 separators: info.separators,
               });
               return element != null ? (
-                <React.Fragment key={kk}>{element}</React.Fragment>
+                <React.Fragment key={kk}>
+                  {addAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+                    element,
+                    itemAccessibilityCollectionItem,
+                  )}
+                </React.Fragment>
               ) : null;
             })}
           </View>
         );
       } else {
-        return render(info);
+        const itemAccessibilityCollectionItem = isAndroid
+          ? createAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+              info.index,
+              info.index,
+              0,
+              isHorizontal,
+            )
+          : undefined;
+        return addAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+          render(info),
+          itemAccessibilityCollectionItem,
+        );
       }
     };
 
@@ -677,11 +778,28 @@ class FlatList<ItemT = any> extends React.PureComponent<FlatListProps<ItemT>> {
     } = this.props;
 
     const renderer = strictMode ? this._memoizedRenderer : this._renderer;
+    const numColumnsValue = numColumnsOrDefault(numColumns);
+    const androidAccessibilityProps =
+      Platform.OS === 'android'
+        ? {
+            accessibilityCollection:
+              // $FlowFixMe[prop-missing] Internal native prop.
+              this.props.accessibilityCollection ??
+              createAccessibilityCollection(this.props.data, numColumnsValue),
+            accessibilityRole:
+              this.props.role == null && this.props.accessibilityRole == null
+                ? numColumnsValue > 1
+                  ? 'grid'
+                  : 'list'
+                : this.props.accessibilityRole,
+          }
+        : {};
 
     return (
       // $FlowFixMe[incompatible-exact] - `restProps` (`Props`) is inexact.
       <VirtualizedList
         {...restProps}
+        {...androidAccessibilityProps}
         getItem={this._getItem}
         getItemCount={this._getItemCount}
         keyExtractor={this._keyExtractor}
diff --git a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/__tests__/FlatList-test.js b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/__tests__/FlatList-test.js
index 6dc1684ab8d1..f933da2e5b57 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/__tests__/FlatList-test.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Lists/__tests__/FlatList-test.js
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 'use strict';
 
 const FlatList = require('../FlatList').default;
+const Platform = require('../../Utilities/Platform').default;
 const {create} = require('@react-native/jest-preset/jest/renderer');
 const React = require('react');
 const {createRef} = require('react');
@@ -35,6 +36,141 @@ describe('FlatList', () => {
     );
     expect(component).toMatchSnapshot();
   });
+  it('adds Android accessibility collection metadata to list items', async () => {
+    const originalOS = Platform.OS;
+    // $FlowFixMe[incompatible-type] Platform.OS is read-only in production.
+    Platform.OS = 'android';
+
+    try {
+      const component = await create(
+        <FlatList
+          data={[{key: 'i1'}, {key: 'i2'}, {key: 'i3'}]}
+          renderItem={({item}) => <item value={item.key} />}
+        />,
+      );
+
+      const root = component.toJSON();
+      expect(root?.props.accessibilityRole).toBe('list');
+      expect(root?.props.accessibilityCollection).toEqual({
+        itemCount: 3,
+        rowCount: 3,
+        columnCount: 1,
+        hierarchical: false,
+      });
+      expect(
+        component.root
+          .findAllByType('item')
+          .map(item => item.props.accessibilityCollectionItem),
+      ).toEqual([
+        {
+          itemIndex: 0,
+          rowIndex: 0,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 0,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+        {
+          itemIndex: 1,
+          rowIndex: 1,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 0,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+        {
+          itemIndex: 2,
+          rowIndex: 2,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 0,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+      ]);
+    } finally {
+      // $FlowFixMe[incompatible-type] Platform.OS is read-only in production.
+      Platform.OS = originalOS;
+    }
+  });
+  it('adds Android accessibility collection metadata to multi-column list items', async () => {
+    const originalOS = Platform.OS;
+    // $FlowFixMe[incompatible-type] Platform.OS is read-only in production.
+    Platform.OS = 'android';
+
+    try {
+      const component = await create(
+        <FlatList
+          data={[
+            {key: 'i1'},
+            {key: 'i2'},
+            {key: 'i3'},
+            {key: 'i4'},
+            {key: 'i5'},
+          ]}
+          renderItem={({item}) => <item value={item.key} />}
+          numColumns={2}
+        />,
+      );
+
+      const root = component.toJSON();
+      expect(root?.props.accessibilityRole).toBe('grid');
+      expect(root?.props.accessibilityCollection).toEqual({
+        itemCount: 5,
+        rowCount: 3,
+        columnCount: 2,
+        hierarchical: false,
+      });
+      expect(
+        component.root
+          .findAllByType('item')
+          .map(item => item.props.accessibilityCollectionItem),
+      ).toEqual([
+        {
+          itemIndex: 0,
+          rowIndex: 0,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 0,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+        {
+          itemIndex: 1,
+          rowIndex: 0,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 1,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+        {
+          itemIndex: 2,
+          rowIndex: 1,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 0,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+        {
+          itemIndex: 3,
+          rowIndex: 1,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 1,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+        {
+          itemIndex: 4,
+          rowIndex: 2,
+          rowSpan: 1,
+          columnIndex: 0,
+          columnSpan: 1,
+          heading: false,
+        },
+      ]);
+    } finally {
+      // $FlowFixMe[incompatible-type] Platform.OS is read-only in production.
+      Platform.OS = originalOS;
+    }
+  });
   it('renders simple list using ListItemComponent', async () => {
     function ListItemComponent({item}: Readonly<{item: {key: string}}>) {
       return <item value={item.key} />;
diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate.kt b/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate.kt
index 56c6224230ab..e3c4e0e60a1c 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate.kt
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/main/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate.kt
@@ -70,33 +70,13 @@ internal class ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate : AccessibilityDelegateCompa
           } else {
             return
           }
-      var accessibilityCollectionItem: ReadableMap? =
-          nextChild.getTag(R.id.accessibility_collection_item) as ReadableMap
+      val accessibilityCollectionItemRange = findAccessibilityCollectionItemRange(nextChild)
 
-      if (nextChild !is ViewGroup) {
-        return
-      }
-
-      // If this child's accessibilityCollectionItem is null, we'll check one more
-      // nested child.
-      // Happens when getItemLayout is not passed in FlatList which adds an additional
-      // View in the hierarchy.
-      if (nextChild.childCount > 0 && accessibilityCollectionItem == null) {
-        val nestedNextChild = nextChild.getChildAt(0)
-        if (nestedNextChild != null) {
-          val nestedChildAccessibility =
-              nestedNextChild.getTag(R.id.accessibility_collection_item) as? ReadableMap
-          if (nestedChildAccessibility != null) {
-            accessibilityCollectionItem = nestedChildAccessibility
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (isVisible && accessibilityCollectionItem != null) {
+      if (isVisible && accessibilityCollectionItemRange != null) {
         if (firstVisibleIndex == null) {
-          firstVisibleIndex = accessibilityCollectionItem.getInt("itemIndex")
+          firstVisibleIndex = accessibilityCollectionItemRange.first
         }
-        lastVisibleIndex = accessibilityCollectionItem.getInt("itemIndex")
+        lastVisibleIndex = accessibilityCollectionItemRange.second
       }
 
       if (firstVisibleIndex != null && lastVisibleIndex != null) {
@@ -106,6 +86,36 @@ internal class ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate : AccessibilityDelegateCompa
     }
   }
 
+  private fun findAccessibilityCollectionItemRange(view: View): Pair<Int, Int>? {
+    val accessibilityCollectionItem =
+        view.getTag(R.id.accessibility_collection_item) as? ReadableMap
+    if (accessibilityCollectionItem != null) {
+      val itemIndex = accessibilityCollectionItem.getInt("itemIndex")
+      return Pair(itemIndex, itemIndex)
+    }
+
+    if (view !is ViewGroup) {
+      return null
+    }
+
+    var firstItemIndex: Int? = null
+    var lastItemIndex: Int? = null
+    for (index in 0..<view.childCount) {
+      val childItemRange =
+          findAccessibilityCollectionItemRange(view.getChildAt(index)) ?: continue
+      if (firstItemIndex == null) {
+        firstItemIndex = childItemRange.first
+      }
+      lastItemIndex = childItemRange.second
+    }
+
+    return if (firstItemIndex != null && lastItemIndex != null) {
+      Pair(firstItemIndex, lastItemIndex)
+    } else {
+      null
+    }
+  }
+
   private fun onInitializeAccessibilityNodeInfoInternal(
       view: View,
       info: AccessibilityNodeInfoCompat,
diff --git a/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/test/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegateTest.kt b/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/test/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegateTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f54b024a54df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/react-native/ReactAndroid/src/test/java/com/facebook/react/views/scroll/ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegateTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ */
+
+@file:Suppress("DEPRECATION")
+
+package com.facebook.react.views.scroll
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.view.View
+import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityEvent
+import android.widget.FrameLayout
+import com.facebook.react.R
+import com.facebook.react.bridge.JavaOnlyMap
+import com.facebook.react.internal.featureflags.ReactNativeFeatureFlagsForTests
+import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner
+import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment
+
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
+class ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegateTest {
+
+  private lateinit var context: Context
+  private lateinit var accessibilityDelegate: ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate
+
+  @Before
+  fun setUp() {
+    ReactNativeFeatureFlagsForTests.setUp()
+    context = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
+    accessibilityDelegate = ReactScrollViewAccessibilityDelegate()
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun onInitializeAccessibilityEvent_readsNestedCollectionItems() {
+    val scrollView = TestAccessibleScrollView(context)
+    val contentView = FrameLayout(context)
+    val spacer = View(context)
+    val row = FrameLayout(context)
+    val firstItem = View(context)
+    val secondItem = View(context)
+    val event = AccessibilityEvent.obtain()
+
+    scrollView.setTag(R.id.accessibility_collection, collection(itemCount = 3))
+    firstItem.setTag(
+        R.id.accessibility_collection_item,
+        collectionItem(itemIndex = 0, rowIndex = 0, columnIndex = 0),
+    )
+    secondItem.setTag(
+        R.id.accessibility_collection_item,
+        collectionItem(itemIndex = 1, rowIndex = 0, columnIndex = 1),
+    )
+
+    row.addView(firstItem)
+    row.addView(secondItem)
+    contentView.addView(spacer)
+    contentView.addView(row)
+    scrollView.addView(contentView)
+
+    accessibilityDelegate.onInitializeAccessibilityEvent(scrollView, event)
+
+    assertThat(event.itemCount).isEqualTo(3)
+    assertThat(event.fromIndex).isEqualTo(0)
+    assertThat(event.toIndex).isEqualTo(1)
+  }
+
+  private fun collection(itemCount: Int): JavaOnlyMap =
+      JavaOnlyMap().apply {
+        putInt("itemCount", itemCount)
+        putInt("rowCount", itemCount)
+        putInt("columnCount", 1)
+        putBoolean("hierarchical", false)
+      }
+
+  private fun collectionItem(
+      itemIndex: Int,
+      rowIndex: Int,
+      columnIndex: Int,
+  ): JavaOnlyMap =
+      JavaOnlyMap().apply {
+        putInt("itemIndex", itemIndex)
+        putInt("rowIndex", rowIndex)
+        putInt("rowSpan", 1)
+        putInt("columnIndex", columnIndex)
+        putInt("columnSpan", 1)
+        putBoolean("heading", false)
+      }
+
+  private class TestAccessibleScrollView(context: Context) :
+      FrameLayout(context), ReactAccessibleScrollView {
+
+    override val scrollEnabled: Boolean = true
+
+    override fun isPartiallyScrolledInView(view: View): Boolean = true
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedList.js b/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedList.js
index df53cc7ddb78..96a0f7791bf4 100644
--- a/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedList.js
+++ b/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedList.js
@@ -92,10 +92,51 @@ type State = {
   pendingScrollUpdateCount: number,
 };
 
+type AccessibilityCollectionItem = Readonly<{
+  itemIndex: number,
+  rowIndex: number,
+  rowSpan: number,
+  columnIndex: number,
+  columnSpan: number,
+  heading: boolean,
+  ...
+}>;
+
 function getScrollingThreshold(threshold: number, visibleLength: number) {
   return (threshold * visibleLength) / 2;
 }
 
+function createAccessibilityCollection(
+  itemCount: number,
+  horizontal: boolean,
+): {
+  itemCount: number,
+  rowCount: number,
+  columnCount: number,
+  hierarchical: boolean,
+} {
+  return {
+    itemCount,
+    rowCount: horizontal ? (itemCount > 0 ? 1 : 0) : itemCount,
+    columnCount: horizontal ? itemCount : 1,
+    hierarchical: false,
+  };
+}
+
+function createAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+  index: number,
+  horizontal: ?boolean,
+): AccessibilityCollectionItem {
+  return {
+    itemIndex: index,
+    rowIndex: horizontal === true ? 0 : index,
+    rowSpan: 1,
+    columnIndex: horizontal === true ? index : 0,
+    columnSpan: 1,
+    heading: false,
+  };
+}
+
 /**
  * Base implementation for the more convenient [`<FlatList>`](https://reactnative.dev/docs/flatlist)
  * and [`<SectionList>`](https://reactnative.dev/docs/sectionlist) components, which are also better
@@ -811,6 +852,11 @@ class VirtualizedList extends StateSafePureComponent<
           CellRendererComponent={CellRendererComponent}
           ItemSeparatorComponent={ii < end ? ItemSeparatorComponent : undefined}
           ListItemComponent={ListItemComponent}
+          accessibilityCollectionItem={
+            Platform.OS === 'android'
+              ? createAccessibilityCollectionItem(ii, horizontal)
+              : undefined
+          }
           cellKey={key}
           horizontal={horizontal}
           index={ii}
@@ -1121,6 +1167,23 @@ class VirtualizedList extends StateSafePureComponent<
           : undefined,
     };
 
+    if (Platform.OS === 'android' && !this._isNestedWithSameOrientation()) {
+      const scrollPropsForAndroid: any = scrollProps;
+      if (scrollPropsForAndroid.accessibilityCollection == null) {
+        scrollPropsForAndroid.accessibilityCollection =
+          createAccessibilityCollection(
+            itemCount,
+            horizontalOrDefault(this.props.horizontal),
+          );
+      }
+      if (
+        scrollPropsForAndroid.role == null &&
+        scrollPropsForAndroid.accessibilityRole == null
+      ) {
+        scrollPropsForAndroid.accessibilityRole = 'list';
+      }
+    }
+
     this._hasMore = this.state.cellsAroundViewport.last < itemCount - 1;
 
     const innerRet = (
diff --git a/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedListCellRenderer.js b/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedListCellRenderer.js
index 35573a9d703c..847eca459588 100644
--- a/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedListCellRenderer.js
+++ b/packages/virtualized-lists/Lists/VirtualizedListCellRenderer.js
@@ -22,6 +22,16 @@ import * as React from 'react';
 import {isValidElement} from 'react';
 import {StyleSheet, View} from 'react-native';
 
+type AccessibilityCollectionItem = Readonly<{
+  itemIndex: number,
+  rowIndex: number,
+  rowSpan: number,
+  columnIndex: number,
+  columnSpan: number,
+  heading: boolean,
+  ...
+}>;
+
 export type Props<ItemT> = {
   CellRendererComponent?: ?React.ComponentType<CellRendererProps<ItemT>>,
   ItemSeparatorComponent?: ?(
@@ -29,6 +39,7 @@ export type Props<ItemT> = {
     | React.MixedElement
   ),
   ListItemComponent?: ?(React.ComponentType<any> | React.MixedElement),
+  accessibilityCollectionItem?: ?AccessibilityCollectionItem,
   cellKey: string,
   horizontal: ?boolean,
   index: number,
@@ -50,6 +61,28 @@ export type Props<ItemT> = {
   ...
 };
 
+function addAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+  element: React.Node,
+  accessibilityCollectionItem: ?AccessibilityCollectionItem,
+): React.Node {
+  if (
+    accessibilityCollectionItem == null ||
+    !React.isValidElement(element) ||
+    element.type === React.Fragment
+  ) {
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  // $FlowFixMe[prop-missing] React.Element internal inspection.
+  if (element.props.accessibilityCollectionItem !== undefined) {
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  return React.cloneElement(element, {
+    accessibilityCollectionItem,
+  });
+}
+
 type SeparatorProps<ItemT> = Readonly<{
   highlighted: boolean,
   leadingItem: ?ItemT,
@@ -178,6 +211,7 @@ export default class CellRenderer<ItemT> extends React.PureComponent<
       CellRendererComponent,
       ItemSeparatorComponent,
       ListItemComponent,
+      accessibilityCollectionItem,
       cellKey,
       horizontal,
       item,
@@ -186,11 +220,9 @@ export default class CellRenderer<ItemT> extends React.PureComponent<
       onCellLayout,
       renderItem,
     } = this.props;
-    const element = this._renderElement(
-      renderItem,
-      ListItemComponent,
-      item,
-      index,
+    const element = addAccessibilityCollectionItem(
+      this._renderElement(renderItem, ListItemComponent, item, index),
+      accessibilityCollectionItem,
     );
 
     // NOTE: that when this is a sticky header, `onLayout` will get automatically extracted and