diff --git a/docs/mcp/DEPLOY.md b/docs/mcp/DEPLOY.md
index 4f508bf35..f280a8766 100644
--- a/docs/mcp/DEPLOY.md
+++ b/docs/mcp/DEPLOY.md
@@ -216,6 +216,52 @@ paths outside cwd are rejected. Page slugs and filenames are allowlist-validated
 CLI callers (`gbrain file upload ...`) keep unrestricted filesystem access since
 the user owns the machine.
 
+## Supabase Deployment Caveat
+
+If your brain is backed by Supabase and you are deploying `gbrain serve --http`
+to an external host (Fly.io, Render, Railway, your own VPS, etc.), you must
+set two environment variables:
+
+```bash
+GBRAIN_DISABLE_DIRECT_POOL=1
+GBRAIN_POOL_SIZE=1
+```
+
+**Why this is needed:**
+
+GBrain's dual-pool routing tries to open a second direct connection to the
+Postgres host (port 5432) alongside the standard pooler connection.  On
+Supabase that direct host is only reachable from inside Supabase's VPC — it
+is not accessible from external deployments.  Without `GBRAIN_DISABLE_DIRECT_POOL=1`
+the startup sequence attempts an IPv6 connection to the direct host, times out
+(or receives a connection-refused), and either crashes or falls back to a
+degraded state.
+
+**Connection string:**
+
+Use the **Transaction Pooler** URL (port **6543**, not 5432):
+
+```
+postgresql://postgres.<project-ref>:<password>@aws-0-<region>.pooler.supabase.com:6543/<db>
+```
+
+The Session Pooler (port 5432 on the pooler host) also works but has higher
+per-connection overhead.  The **direct** connection string (`db.<project-ref>.supabase.co:5432`)
+will not work from outside the Supabase VPC and should not be used for
+externally-deployed servers.
+
+**Minimal Fly.io `fly.toml` env block example:**
+
+```toml
+[env]
+  GBRAIN_DISABLE_DIRECT_POOL = "1"
+  GBRAIN_POOL_SIZE = "1"
+  GBRAIN_TRUST_PROXY = "1"
+```
+
+Set `DATABASE_URL` as a secret (`fly secrets set DATABASE_URL=...`) — never
+in `fly.toml`.
+
 ## Deployment Options
 
 See [ALTERNATIVES.md](ALTERNATIVES.md) for a comparison of ngrok, Tailscale
diff --git a/src/commands/serve-http.ts b/src/commands/serve-http.ts
index 25d1f6148..4cddb8e9a 100644
--- a/src/commands/serve-http.ts
+++ b/src/commands/serve-http.ts
@@ -211,7 +211,32 @@ export async function runServeHttp(engine: BrainEngine, options: ServeHttpOption
 
   // Express 5 app
   const app = express();
-  app.set('trust proxy', 'loopback'); // Caddy/Tailscale reverse proxy on localhost
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Proxy trust configuration
+  //
+  // Default: trust exactly one upstream hop (the PaaS edge proxy on Fly.io,
+  // Render, Heroku, Railway, etc.).  This makes req.ip resolve to the real
+  // client IP so downstream rate limiters (ccRateLimiter, adminAuthRateLimiter,
+  // registerRateLimiter) work per-client instead of seeing every request from
+  // the same PaaS-internal address.
+  //
+  // GBRAIN_TRUST_PROXY values:
+  //   "1" (default) — trust one upstream hop (Fly.io / standard PaaS)
+  //   "2", "3", ...  — trust N hops (multi-layer PaaS/CDN setups)
+  //   "false"        — no proxy; req.ip is the TCP peer (self-hosted, no proxy)
+  //   "true"         — trust all hops (only for fully controlled infra)
+  //   loopback-only deployments (Caddy/Tailscale on localhost) should use "false"
+  //
+  // See https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  const trustProxy = process.env.GBRAIN_TRUST_PROXY ?? '1';
+  const tpValue: boolean | number | string =
+    trustProxy === 'true' ? true
+    : trustProxy === 'false' ? false
+    : /^\d+$/.test(trustProxy) ? parseInt(trustProxy, 10)
+    : trustProxy;
+  app.set('trust proxy', tpValue);
 
   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Cookie parsing — required for /admin auth (express 5 has no built-in)
@@ -329,6 +354,31 @@ export async function runServeHttp(engine: BrainEngine, options: ServeHttpOption
     next();
   });
 
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // DCR (Dynamic Client Registration) rate limiter
+  //
+  // /register is mounted by mcpAuthRouter when --enable-dcr is on.  Without a
+  // limiter, any internet client can flood it: each registration hashes a
+  // secret, INSERTs into oauth_clients, and writes to the database pool.  At
+  // Supabase transaction-pooler sizes a sustained flood exhausts the pool,
+  // causing 503s for all other requests.
+  //
+  // Placed before app.use(authRouter) so it fires regardless of SDK internals.
+  // Only meaningful when --enable-dcr is passed; no-ops otherwise (the SDK
+  // never mounts /register so traffic never reaches this middleware).
+  //
+  // Depends on Issue 1 (trust proxy) being correct: without real client IPs,
+  // all registrations share one bucket and the limiter is trivially bypassed.
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  const registerRateLimiter = rateLimit({
+    windowMs: 60 * 1000, // 1 minute
+    max: 10, // 10 registrations per minute per IP
+    standardHeaders: true,
+    legacyHeaders: false,
+    message: { error: 'too_many_requests', error_description: 'Too many client registrations from this IP. Try again later.' },
+  });
+
+  app.use('/register', registerRateLimiter);
   app.use(authRouter);
 
   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------