diff --git a/src/crypto/wordcoding/WordCode.rs b/src/crypto/wordcoding/WordCode.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..026292ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crypto/wordcoding/WordCode.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+pub struct WordCode {
+    dict_name: String,
+    words: Vec<String>,
+    bits_per_word: f64,
+    normalizer: Box<dyn Fn(String) -> String>,
+    word_positions: Option<HashMap<String, usize>>,
+}
+
+impl WordCode {
+    pub fn new(
+        dict_name: String,
+        words: Vec<String>,
+        normalizer: Option<Box<dyn Fn(String) -> String>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let bits_per_word = (words.len() as f64).log2();
+        let normalizer = normalizer.unwrap_or_else(|| Box::new(|x: String| x.to_lowercase()));
+
+        WordCode {
+            dict_name,
+            words,
+            bits_per_word,
+            normalizer,
+            word_positions: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn fill_word_positions(&mut self) {
+        if self.word_positions.is_none() {
+            let mut word_positions = HashMap::new();
+            for (pos, word) in self.words.iter().enumerate() {
+                word_positions.insert((self.normalizer)(word.clone()), pos);
+            }
+            self.word_positions = Some(word_positions);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn encode(&self, hex: &str) -> Result<Vec<String>, String> {
+        let nibbles_per_word = (self.bits_per_word / 4.0).ceil() as usize;
+
+        if hex.len() % nibbles_per_word != 0 {
+            return Err("Hex string length is not a multiple of the bits-per-word constant.".to_string());
+        }
+
+        let words = hex
+            .as_bytes()
+            .chunks(nibbles_per_word)
+            .map(|chunk| {
+                let chunk_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(chunk);
+                let pos = usize::from_str_radix(&chunk_str, 16).unwrap();
+                self.words.get(pos).unwrap().clone()
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        Ok(words)
+    }
+
+    pub fn decode(&mut self, words: &[String]) -> Result<String, String> {
+        self.fill_word_positions();
+
+        let nibbles_per_word = (self.bits_per_word / 4.0).ceil() as usize;
+
+        let mut result = String::new();
+
+        for word in words {
+            let position = self
+                .word_positions
+                .as_ref()
+                .unwrap()
+                .get(&(self.normalizer)(word.clone()));
+
+            match position {
+                Some(pos) => {
+                    result.push_str(&format!("{:0width$X}", pos, width = nibbles_per_word));
+                }
+                None => {
+                    return Err(format!(
+                        "Received a word that is not in the dictionary '{}': {}",
+                        self.dict_name, word
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn check(&mut self, word: &str) -> bool {
+        self.fill_word_positions();
+        self.word_positions.as_ref().unwrap().contains_key(&(self.normalizer)(word.to_string()))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/data/model/immutable/HashedObject.rs b/src/data/model/immutable/HashedObject.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3de7c891
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/data/model/immutable/HashedObject.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use crate::storage::store::Store;
+use crate::crypto::random::RNGImpl;
+use crate::identity::Identity;
+use crate::hashing::{Hashing, Hash};
+use crate::serialization::Serialization;
+use crate::immutable::{HashedSet, HashReference, HashedMap};
+use crate::literals::{Context, LiteralContext};
+use crate::mesh::service::Mesh;
+use crate::spaces::spaces::Resources;
+use crate::literals::literal_utils::{Literal, Dependency};
+use crate::util::logging::{Logger, LogLevel};
+use crate::literals::class_registry::ClassRegistry;
+use crate::util::events::EventRelay;
+use crate::mutable::MutationObserver;
+
+const BITS_FOR_ID: u32 = 128;
+
+pub trait HashedObject {
+    fn get_class_name(&self) -> String;
+    fn init(&mut self);
+    async fn validate(&self, references: &HashMap<Hash, Box<dyn HashedObject>>) -> bool;
+    fn get_id(&self) -> Option<String>;
+    fn set_id(&mut self, id: String);
+    fn set_random_id(&mut self);
+    fn has_id(&self) -> bool;
+    fn set_author(&mut self, author: Identity);
+    fn get_author(&self) -> Option<&Identity>;
+    fn has_author(&self) -> bool;
+    fn has_last_signature(&self) -> bool;
+    fn set_last_signature(&mut self, signature: String);
+    fn get_last_signature(&self) -> String;
+    fn override_children_id(&mut self);
+    fn override_id_for_path(&mut self, path: String, target: &mut dyn HashedObject);
+    fn has_store(&self) -> bool;
+    fn set_store(&mut self, store: Store);
+    fn get_store(&self) -> Store;
+    fn get_mesh(&self) -> Mesh;
+    fn has_last_literal(&self) -> bool;
+    fn get_last_literal(&self) -> Option<&Literal>;
+    fn set_last_literal(&mut self, literal: Literal);
+    fn should_sign_on_save(&self) -> bool;
+    fn has_last_hash(&self) -> bool;
+    fn get_last_hash(&self) -> Hash;
+    fn hash(&mut self, seed: Option<String>) -> Hash;
+    fn custom_hash(&self, seed: Option<String>) -> Option<Hash>;
+    fn create_reference(&self) -> HashReference<Self>
+    where
+        Self: Sized;
+    fn equals(&self, another: Option<&dyn HashedObject>) -> bool;
+    fn clone(&self) -> Box<dyn HashedObject>;
+    fn add_derived_field(&mut self, field_name: String, object: Option<Box<dyn HashedObject>>);
+    fn set_derived_field(&mut self, field_name: String, object: Box<dyn HashedObject>);
+    fn check_derived_field(&self, field_name: &str) -> bool;
+    fn get_derived_field_id(&self, field_name: &str) -> Hash;
+    fn set_resources(&mut self, resources: Resources);
+}
diff --git a/src/data/model/literals/Context.rs b/src/data/model/literals/Context.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89490249
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/data/model/literals/Context.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use crate::hashed_object::HashedObject;
+use crate::hashing::{Hash, Literal};
+use crate::spaces::Resources;
+
+pub type LiteralContext = (Vec<Hash>, HashMap<Hash, Literal>);
+
+pub fn is_literal_context(obj: &dyn Any) -> bool {
+    obj.downcast_ref::<LiteralContext>().is_some()
+}
+
+pub struct Context {
+    pub root_hashes: Vec<Hash>,
+    pub objects: HashMap<Hash, HashedObject>,
+    pub literals: HashMap<Hash, Literal>,
+    pub resources: Option<Resources>,
+}
+
+impl Context {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            root_hashes: Vec::new(),
+            objects: HashMap::new(),
+            literals: HashMap::new(),
+            resources: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn has(&self, hash: &Hash) -> bool {
+        self.literals.contains_key(hash)
+            || self.objects.contains_key(hash)
+            || self
+                .resources
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|r| r.aliasing.as_ref().map(|a| a.contains_key(hash)).unwrap_or(false))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_literal_context(&self) -> LiteralContext {
+        (
+            self.root_hashes.clone(),
+            self.literals.clone(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_literal_context(&mut self, literal_context: LiteralContext) {
+        self.root_hashes = literal_context.0;
+        self.literals = literal_context.1;
+        self.objects = HashMap::new();
+    }
+
+    pub fn merge(&mut self, other: &Context) {
+        let roots: HashSet<Hash> = self
+            .root_hashes
+            .iter()
+            .chain(other.root_hashes.iter())
+            .cloned()
+            .collect();
+        self.root_hashes = roots.into_iter().collect();
+
+        for (hash, literal) in &other.literals {
+            self.literals.entry(*hash).or_insert_with(|| literal.clone());
+        }
+
+        for (hash, obj) in &other.objects {
+            self.objects.entry(*hash).or_insert_with(|| obj.clone());
+        }
+
+        if let Some(ref mut resources) = self.resources {
+            if let Some(ref other_aliasing) = other.resources.as_ref().and_then(|r| r.aliasing.as_ref()) {
+                if resources.aliasing.is_none() {
+                    resources.aliasing = Some(HashMap::new());
+                }
+                let aliasing = resources.aliasing.as_mut().unwrap();
+                for (hash, aliased) in other_aliasing {
+                    aliasing.entry(*hash).or_insert_with(|| aliased.clone());
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.resources = other.resources.clone();
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn copy(&self) -> Context {
+        let mut another = Context::new();
+        another.merge(self);
+        another
+    }
+
+    // if a dependency is in more than one subobject, it will pick one of the shortest dep chains.
+    pub fn find_missing_deps(&self, hash: &Hash, chain: Option<Vec<Hash>>, missing: Option<HashMap<Hash, Vec<Hash>>>) -> HashMap<Hash, Vec<Hash>> {
+        let mut chain = chain.unwrap_or_default();
+        let mut missing = missing.unwrap_or_default();
+
+        if let Some(literal) = self.literals.get(hash) {
+            for dep in &literal.dependencies {
+                let mut new_chain = chain.clone();
+                new_chain.insert(0, *hash);
+                let new_missing = self.find_missing_deps(dep.hash, Some(new_chain), Some(missing));
+                missing = missing.into_iter().chain(new_missing).collect();
+            }
+        } else {
+            let prev_chain = missing.get(hash);
+            if prev_chain.is_none() || chain.len() < prev_chain.unwrap().len() {
+                missing.insert(*hash, chain);
+            }
+        }
+
+        missing
+    }
+
+    pub fn check_literal_hashes(&self) -> bool {
+        self.literals.iter().all(|(hash, literal)| {
+            hash == &literal.hash && literal.validate_hash()
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn check_root_hashes(&self) -> bool {
+        self.root_hashes.iter().all(|hash| self.literals.contains_key(hash))
+    }
+}