Add flyweight pattern

Author: ma1onso

structural_patterns/flyweight.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import random
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+# Flyweight class
+@dataclass
+class TreeType:
+    name: str
+    color: str
+    texture: str
+
+    def draw(self, canvas, x, y):
+        print(f'Drawing the tree on x: {x} and y: {y} in canvas: {canvas} 🖼️')
+
+
+# Flyweight factory
+class TreeFactory:
+    
+    def __init__(self, tree_types=[]):
+        self.tree_types = tree_types
+
+    def get_tree_type(self, name, color, texture):
+        tree_type = self._find_existing_free_type(name, color, texture)
+
+        if tree_type == None:
+            tree_type = TreeType(name, color, texture)
+            self.tree_types.append(tree_type)
+
+        return tree_type
+    
+    def _find_existing_free_type(self, name, color, texture):
+        for tree_type in self.tree_types:
+            if (tree_type.name, tree_type.color, tree_type.texture) == (name, color, texture):
+                print(f'-> Existing tree type founded {name}-{color}-{texture} 😲')
+                return tree_type
+            
+        return None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Tree:
+    x: int
+    y: int
+    tree_type: TreeType
+
+    def draw(self, canvas):
+        self.tree_type.draw(canvas, self.x, self.y)
+
+
+class Forest:
+    def __init__(self, trees=[]):
+        self.trees = trees
+
+    def plant_tree(self, x, y, name, color, texture):
+        tree_type = TreeFactory().get_tree_type(name, color, texture)
+        tree = Tree(x, y, tree_type)
+
+        print('Planting a tree 🌴')
+
+        self.trees.append(tree)
+
+    def draw(self, canvas):
+        for tree in self.trees:
+            tree.draw(canvas)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    forest = Forest()
+
+    forest.plant_tree(3, 4, 'Palm', 'Green', 'palm.png')
+    forest.plant_tree(10, 41, 'Palm', 'Green', 'palm.png')
+    forest.plant_tree(2, 40, 'Passion fruit', 'Yellow', 'passion_fruit.png')
+
+    forest.draw('Empty_canvas')