test: add tests for non-2xx HTTP status handling (fixes #3091) #3479

Job	Run time
checks / readme-snippets	12s
checks / docs	43s
checks / pre-commit	51s
checks / test (3.10, locked, windows-latest)	1m 46s
checks / test (3.10, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 9s
checks / test (3.12, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	58s
checks / test (3.10, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 37s
checks / test (3.11, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 0s
checks / test (3.10, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 5s
checks / test (3.12, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 47s
checks / test (3.12, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 23s
checks / test (3.11, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 26s
checks / test (3.11, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 0s
checks / test (3.13, locked, windows-latest)	1m 47s
checks / test (3.11, locked, windows-latest)	1m 54s
checks / test (3.14, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 56s
checks / test (3.12, locked, windows-latest)	1m 37s
checks / test (3.14, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 1s
checks / test (3.13, lowest-direct, ubuntu-latest)	1m 7s
checks / test (3.13, lowest-direct, windows-latest)	1m 43s
checks / test (3.14, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 7s
checks / test (3.14, locked, windows-latest)	1m 49s
checks / test (3.13, locked, ubuntu-latest)	1m 7s
all-green	4s
	30m 9s

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