diff --git a/.github/workflows/backport.yml b/.github/workflows/backport.yml
index 247e438149..7852c5d883 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/backport.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/backport.yml
@@ -6,8 +6,14 @@ on:
         description: "The pull request # to backport"
         required: true
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   backport:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating pull requests
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/changelog.yml b/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
index 4fcb55a2d7..39fc5f8e63 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ on:
     branches:
       - main
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   changelog:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 8ef01d21cb..bde097370b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -14,8 +14,13 @@ on:
     #        *  * * * *
     - cron: '30 1 * * *'
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   CodeQL-Build:
+    permissions:
+      security-events: write # for github/codeql-action/analyze to upload SARIF results
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/component-owners.yml b/.github/workflows/component-owners.yml
index f0068701f7..cd84f16095 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/component-owners.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/component-owners.yml
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ name: 'Component Owners'
 on:
   pull_request_target:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   run_self:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/core_contrib_test_0.yml b/.github/workflows/core_contrib_test_0.yml
index fce687457e..e3362fb45b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/core_contrib_test_0.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/core_contrib_test_0.yml
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ on:
         required: true
         type: string
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 env:
   CORE_REPO_SHA: ${{ inputs.CORE_REPO_SHA }}
   CONTRIB_REPO_SHA: ${{ inputs.CONTRIB_REPO_SHA }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/core_contrib_test.yml.j2 b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/core_contrib_test.yml.j2
index 4b20427c4a..0a0c3ef509 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/core_contrib_test.yml.j2
+++ b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/core_contrib_test.yml.j2
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ on:
         required: true
         type: string
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 env:
   CORE_REPO_SHA: ${% raw %}{{ inputs.CORE_REPO_SHA }}{% endraw %}
   CONTRIB_REPO_SHA: ${% raw %}{{ inputs.CONTRIB_REPO_SHA }}{% endraw %}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/lint.yml.j2 b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/lint.yml.j2
index a7a806b80e..676ec2915a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/lint.yml.j2
+++ b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/lint.yml.j2
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${% raw %}{{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}{% endraw %}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/misc.yml.j2 b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/misc.yml.j2
index 25f770bf62..1d4da3b184 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/misc.yml.j2
+++ b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/misc.yml.j2
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${% raw %}{{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}{% endraw %}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/test.yml.j2 b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/test.yml.j2
index c6463889e4..1ee667cda7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/test.yml.j2
+++ b/.github/workflows/generate_workflows_lib/src/generate_workflows_lib/test.yml.j2
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${% raw %}{{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}{% endraw %}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/lint_0.yml b/.github/workflows/lint_0.yml
index 406e1aecb0..8583425708 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/lint_0.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint_0.yml
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/misc_0.yml b/.github/workflows/misc_0.yml
index 562ea6ff8d..62674abd40 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/misc_0.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/misc_0.yml
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/package-prepare-patch-release.yml b/.github/workflows/package-prepare-patch-release.yml
index fc813398c1..3aba3dc60a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/package-prepare-patch-release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/package-prepare-patch-release.yml
@@ -13,10 +13,15 @@ on:
         - opentelemetry-instrumentation-google-genai
         description: 'Package to be released'
         required: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 run-name: "[Package][${{ inputs.package }}] Prepare patch release"
 
 jobs:
   prepare-patch-release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating pull requests
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/package-prepare-release.yml b/.github/workflows/package-prepare-release.yml
index cad38a8d68..2d5a629e16 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/package-prepare-release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/package-prepare-release.yml
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ on:
         description: 'Package to be released'
         required: true
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 run-name: "[Package][${{ inputs.package }}] Prepare release"
 jobs:
   prereqs:
@@ -92,6 +95,9 @@ jobs:
   create-pull-request-against-release-branch:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: prereqs
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating pull requests
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
@@ -153,6 +159,9 @@ jobs:
   create-pull-request-against-main:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: prereqs
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating pull requests
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/package-release.yml b/.github/workflows/package-release.yml
index 960954ba67..3a9705b09b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/package-release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/package-release.yml
@@ -13,9 +13,14 @@ on:
         - opentelemetry-instrumentation-google-genai
         description: 'Package to be released'
         required: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 run-name: "[Package][${{ inputs.package }}] Release"
 jobs:
   release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for creating releases
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating pull requests
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/prepare-patch-release.yml b/.github/workflows/prepare-patch-release.yml
index 38db55a795..577fc86ba4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/prepare-patch-release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/prepare-patch-release.yml
@@ -2,8 +2,14 @@ name: Prepare patch release
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   prepare-patch-release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating and editing pull requests
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/prepare-release-branch.yml b/.github/workflows/prepare-release-branch.yml
index a5e5ceac16..1017a49a70 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/prepare-release-branch.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/prepare-release-branch.yml
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ on:
         description: "Pre-release version number? (e.g. 1.9.0rc2)"
         required: false
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   prereqs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -38,6 +41,9 @@ jobs:
   create-pull-request-against-release-branch:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: prereqs
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating and editing pull requests
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
@@ -126,6 +132,9 @@ jobs:
   create-pull-request-against-main:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: prereqs
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for pushing branches
+      pull-requests: write # required for creating and editing pull requests
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index 23a7e0c0e0..e8fbb0dd36 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -2,8 +2,13 @@ name: Release
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 jobs:
   release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write # required for creating releases
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_0.yml b/.github/workflows/test_0.yml
index 643cccfd5c..48d96ef937 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test_0.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test_0.yml
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_1.yml b/.github/workflows/test_1.yml
index 2e82265369..edf4be2e3e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test_1.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test_1.yml
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_2.yml b/.github/workflows/test_2.yml
index fd331d0d7f..56d9c184d1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test_2.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test_2.yml
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ on:
     - 'release/*'
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
   cancel-in-progress: true