diff --git a/sniffio/__init__.py b/sniffio/__init__.py
index fb3364d..1bf6630 100644
--- a/sniffio/__init__.py
+++ b/sniffio/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 __all__ = [
     "current_async_library", "AsyncLibraryNotFoundError",
-    "current_async_library_cvar"
+    "current_async_library_cvar", "hooks"
 ]
 
 from ._version import __version__
@@ -12,4 +12,5 @@
     AsyncLibraryNotFoundError,
     current_async_library_cvar,
     thread_local,
+    hooks,
 )
diff --git a/sniffio/_impl.py b/sniffio/_impl.py
index c1a7bbf..2f5886c 100644
--- a/sniffio/_impl.py
+++ b/sniffio/_impl.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from functools import partial
 from contextvars import ContextVar
 from typing import Optional
 import sys
@@ -22,10 +23,68 @@ class AsyncLibraryNotFoundError(RuntimeError):
     pass
 
 
+def _guessed_mode() -> str:
+    # special support for trio-asyncio
+    value = thread_local.name
+    if value is not None:
+        return value
+
+    value = current_async_library_cvar.get()
+    if value is not None:
+        return value
+
+    # Need to sniff for asyncio
+    if "asyncio" in sys.modules:
+        import asyncio
+        try:
+            current_task = asyncio.current_task  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        except AttributeError:
+            current_task = asyncio.Task.current_task  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        try:
+            if current_task() is not None:
+                return "asyncio"
+        except RuntimeError:
+            pass
+
+    # Sniff for curio (for now)
+    if 'curio' in sys.modules:
+        from curio.meta import curio_running
+        if curio_running():
+            return 'curio'
+
+    raise AsyncLibraryNotFoundError(
+        "unknown async library, or not in async context"
+    )
+
+
+def _noop_hook(v: str) -> str:
+    return v
+
+
+_NO_HOOK = object()
+
+# this is publicly mutable, if an async framework wants to implement complex
+# async gen hook behaviour it can set
+# sniffio.hooks[__package__] = detect_me. As long as it does so before
+# defining its async gen finalizer function it is free from race conditions
+hooks = {
+    # could be trio-asyncio or trio-guest mode
+    # once trio and trio-asyncio and sniffio align trio should set
+    # sniffio.hooks['trio'] = detect_trio
+    "trio": _guessed_mode,
+    # pre-cache some well-known well behaved asyncgen_finalizer modules
+    # and so it saves a trip around _is_asyncio(finalizer) when we
+    # know asyncio is asyncio and curio is curio
+    "asyncio.base_events": partial(_noop_hook, "asyncio"),
+    "curio.meta": partial(_noop_hook, "curio"),
+    _NO_HOOK: _guessed_mode,  # no hooks installed, fallback
+}
+
+
 def current_async_library() -> str:
     """Detect which async library is currently running.
 
-    The following libraries are currently supported:
+    The following libraries are currently special-cased:
 
     ================   ===========  ============================
     Library             Requires     Magic string
@@ -63,33 +122,38 @@ async def generic_sleep(seconds):
                    raise RuntimeError(f"Unsupported library {library!r}")
 
     """
-    value = thread_local.name
-    if value is not None:
-        return value
-
-    value = current_async_library_cvar.get()
-    if value is not None:
-        return value
-
-    # Need to sniff for asyncio
+    finalizer = sys.get_asyncgen_hooks().finalizer
+    finalizer_module = getattr(finalizer, "__module__", _NO_HOOK)
+    if finalizer_module is None:  # finalizer is old cython function
+        if "uvloop" in sys.modules and _is_asyncio(finalizer):
+            return "asyncio"
+
+    try:
+        hook = hooks[finalizer_module]
+    except KeyError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return hook()
+
+    # special case asyncio - when implementing an asyncio event loop
+    # you have to implement _asyncgen_finalizer_hook in your own module
+    if _is_asyncio(finalizer):  # eg qasync _SelectorEventLoop
+        hooks[finalizer_module] = partial(_noop_hook, "asyncio")
+        return "asyncio"
+
+    # when implementing a twisted reactor you'd need to rely on hooks defined in
+    # twisted.internet.defer
+    assert type(finalizer_module) is str
+    sniffio_name = finalizer_module.rpartition(".")[0]
+    hooks[finalizer_module] = partial(_noop_hook, sniffio_name)
+    return sniffio_name
+
+
+def _is_asyncio(finalizer):
     if "asyncio" in sys.modules:
         import asyncio
         try:
-            current_task = asyncio.current_task  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-        except AttributeError:
-            current_task = asyncio.Task.current_task  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-        try:
-            if current_task() is not None:
-                return "asyncio"
+            return finalizer == asyncio.get_running_loop()._asyncgen_finalizer_hook
         except RuntimeError:
-            pass
-
-    # Sniff for curio (for now)
-    if 'curio' in sys.modules:
-        from curio.meta import curio_running
-        if curio_running():
-            return 'curio'
-
-    raise AsyncLibraryNotFoundError(
-        "unknown async library, or not in async context"
-    )
+            return False
+    return False
diff --git a/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py b/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py
index 984c8c0..0192334 100644
--- a/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py
+++ b/sniffio/_tests/test_sniffio.py
@@ -58,6 +58,28 @@ async def this_is_asyncio():
         current_async_library()
 
 
+def test_uvloop():
+    import uvloop
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+    ran = []
+
+    async def this_is_asyncio():
+        assert current_async_library() == "asyncio"
+        # Call it a second time to exercise the caching logic
+        assert current_async_library() == "asyncio"
+        ran.append(True)
+
+    loop = uvloop.new_event_loop()
+    loop.run_until_complete(this_is_asyncio())
+    assert ran == [True]
+
+    with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
+        current_async_library()
+
+
 # https://github.com/dabeaz/curio/pull/354
 @pytest.mark.skipif(
     os.name == "nt" and sys.version_info >= (3, 9),
@@ -82,3 +104,48 @@ async def this_is_curio():
 
     with pytest.raises(AsyncLibraryNotFoundError):
         current_async_library()
+
+
+def test_asyncio_in_curio():
+    import curio
+    import asyncio
+
+    async def this_is_asyncio():
+        return current_async_library()
+
+    async def this_is_curio():
+        return current_async_library(), asyncio.run(this_is_asyncio())
+
+    assert curio.run(this_is_curio) == ("curio", "asyncio")
+
+
+def test_curio_in_asyncio():
+    import asyncio
+    import curio
+
+    async def this_is_curio():
+        return current_async_library()
+
+    async def this_is_asyncio():
+        return current_async_library(), curio.run(this_is_curio)
+
+    assert asyncio.run(this_is_asyncio()) == ("asyncio", "curio")
+
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason='to_thread requires 3.9')
+def test_curio_in_asyncio_to_thread():
+    import curio
+    import sniffio
+    import asyncio
+
+    async def current_framework():
+        return sniffio.current_async_library()
+
+
+    async def amain():
+        sniffio.current_async_library()
+        return await asyncio.to_thread(curio.run, current_framework)
+
+
+    assert asyncio.run(amain()) == "curio"
diff --git a/test-requirements.txt b/test-requirements.txt
index 6742196..67eed4a 100644
--- a/test-requirements.txt
+++ b/test-requirements.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 pytest
 pytest-cov
 curio
+uvloop