diff --git a/torchtitan/utils.py b/torchtitan/utils.py
index 88663c00..c9dcf2fa 100644
--- a/torchtitan/utils.py
+++ b/torchtitan/utils.py
@@ -34,14 +34,20 @@ def get_device_info():
 device_type, device_module = get_device_info()
 
 
-def dist_max(x: Union[int, float], mesh: DeviceMesh) -> float:
-    tensor = torch.tensor(x).to(device_type)
-    return funcol.all_reduce(tensor, reduceOp=c10d.ReduceOp.MAX.name, group=mesh).item()
+def dist_reduce(x: torch.Tensor, reduceOp: str, mesh: DeviceMesh) -> float:
+    if isinstance(x, DTensor):
+        # functional collectives do not support DTensor inputs
+        x = x.full_tensor()
+    assert x.numel() == 1  # required by `.item()`
+    return funcol.all_reduce(x, reduceOp=reduceOp, group=mesh).item()
 
 
-def dist_mean(x: Union[int, float], mesh: DeviceMesh) -> float:
-    tensor = torch.tensor(x).to(device_type)
-    return funcol.all_reduce(tensor, reduceOp=c10d.ReduceOp.AVG.name, group=mesh).item()
+def dist_max(x: torch.Tensor, mesh: DeviceMesh) -> float:
+    return dist_reduce(x, reduceOp=c10d.ReduceOp.MAX.name, mesh=mesh)
+
+
+def dist_mean(x: torch.Tensor, mesh: DeviceMesh) -> float:
+    return dist_reduce(x, reduceOp=c10d.ReduceOp.AVG.name, mesh=mesh)
 
 
 def _warn_overwrite_env(env, val):
diff --git a/train.py b/train.py
index 21dd9f8b..d79f51b5 100644
--- a/train.py
+++ b/train.py
@@ -231,7 +231,6 @@ def loss_fn(pred, labels):
     )
 
     # variables used to keep info for metrics logging
-    losses_since_last_log = []
     ntokens_since_last_log = 0
     data_loading_times = []
     time_last_log = time.perf_counter()
@@ -295,10 +294,11 @@ def loss_fn(pred, labels):
                         pp_schedule.step()
 
                 # accumulate losses across pipeline microbatches
+                # TODO: PP+FSDP unexpectedly puts the loss back to the CPU
                 loss = (
-                    torch.mean(torch.stack(losses))
+                    torch.mean(torch.stack(losses)).to(device)
                     if is_last_stage
-                    else torch.Tensor([-1.0])
+                    else torch.tensor([-1.0], device=device)
                 )
             else:
                 # Non-PP forward / backward
@@ -330,26 +330,23 @@ def loss_fn(pred, labels):
             # it issues a single all-reduce for all parameters at once for better performance
             float8_handler.precompute_float8_dynamic_scale_for_fsdp(model_parts)
 
-            losses_since_last_log.append(loss)
-
             # log metrics
             if (
                 train_state.step == 1
                 or train_state.step % job_config.metrics.log_freq == 0
             ):
-                losses = [loss.item() for loss in losses_since_last_log]
-                avg_loss, max_loss = sum(losses) / len(losses), max(losses)
                 if (
                     parallel_dims.dp_replicate_enabled
                     or parallel_dims.dp_shard_enabled
                     or parallel_dims.cp_enabled
                 ):
+                    loss = loss.detach()
                     global_avg_loss, global_max_loss = (
-                        utils.dist_mean(avg_loss, world_mesh["dp_cp"]),
-                        utils.dist_max(max_loss, world_mesh["dp_cp"]),
+                        utils.dist_mean(loss, world_mesh["dp_cp"]),
+                        utils.dist_max(loss, world_mesh["dp_cp"]),
                     )
                 else:
-                    global_avg_loss, global_max_loss = avg_loss, max_loss
+                    global_avg_loss = global_max_loss = loss.item()
 
                 # update train state
                 train_state.log_steps.append(train_state.step)
@@ -399,7 +396,6 @@ def loss_fn(pred, labels):
                     f"{color.magenta}mfu: {mfu:.2f}%{color.reset}"
                 )
 
-                losses_since_last_log.clear()
                 ntokens_since_last_log = 0
                 data_loading_times.clear()
                 time_last_log = time.perf_counter()