diff --git a/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.cpp b/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.cpp
index 5c81c78e..372394b3 100644
--- a/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.cpp
+++ b/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.cpp
@@ -505,4 +505,6 @@ int QubitParser::finalize() {
   return num_qubits;
 }
 
+bool QubitParser::is_finalized() { return finalized_; }
+
 }  // namespace quartz
diff --git a/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.h b/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.h
index e6534bf7..21e975de 100644
--- a/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.h
+++ b/src/quartz/parser/qasm_parser.h
@@ -248,6 +248,11 @@ class QubitParser {
    */
   int finalize();
 
+  /**
+   * @return If finalize() has been called.
+   */
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_finalized();
+
  private:
   /**
    * Implementation details for parse_qasm2_decl and parse_qasm3_decl. This
@@ -485,6 +490,12 @@ bool QASMParser::load_qasm_stream(
     }
   }
 
+  if (!qubit_parser.is_finalized()) {
+    // A circuit with no gates.
+    int num_qubits = qubit_parser.finalize();
+    seq = new CircuitSeq(num_qubits);
+  }
+
   // Successfully parsed file.
   param_parser_.end_file();
   return true;