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<h1><spanclass="header-section-number">1</span> Concepts<ahref="concepts.html#concepts" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h1>
<h2><spanclass="header-section-number">1.1</span> What is a Relational Database?<ahref="concepts.html#what-is-a-relational-database" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h2>
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<p>A <strong>relational database</strong> is a collection of tables (organized in rows and
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columns of data) that are related to each other in some way.</p>
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<p>Database tables would be the equivalent to spreadsheets in Excel and data frames
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in programming languages like R or Python.</p>
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<p>We’ll go more in-depth on the <em>relational</em> part when we cover the workshop dataset!</p>
<h2><spanclass="header-section-number">1.2</span> What is SQL?<ahref="concepts.html#what-is-sql" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h2>
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<p>SQL stands for <strong>structured query language</strong>. SQL is a programming language
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that allows you to answer questions about the data in a database using a
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standard set of keywords. You can pronounce SQL as “ess cue ell” or “sequel”.</p>
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<li>A <strong>SQL query</strong> is a set of instructions made up of keywords sent to the database
<h3><spanclass="header-section-number">1.2.1</span> What kinds of questions can SQL answer?<ahref="concepts.html#what-kinds-of-questions-can-sql-answer" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h3>
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<p>If you already work with data, you probably think about answering specific
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questions such as:</p>
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<ul>
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<p>You can use SQL to answer these kinds of questions.</p>
<h2><spanclass="header-section-number">1.3</span> What is a Relational Database Management System?<ahref="concepts.html#what-is-a-relational-database-management-system" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h2>
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<p>A <strong>relational database management system</strong> (RDBMS) is a software system that
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manages the users of and tables within a database. There are many different
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systems available. For instance, you may have heard of MySQL, Postgres, and
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for a given RDBMS can be found in that system’s documentation. The keywords
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covered in this workshop are supported by almost all popular systems.</p>
<h2><spanclass="header-section-number">1.4</span> Advantages & Disadvantages of SQL<ahref="concepts.html#advantages-disadvantages-of-sql" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h2>
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<p>SQL queries are <strong>declarative</strong>: you describe the data that you want. Then it’s
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up to SQL to determine the most efficient way to get that data. This approach
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to programming has several advantages:</p>
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<h1>Conclusion<ahref="conclusion.html#conclusion" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h1>
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<p>We covered a wide variety of SQL processes you might need in setting up a database and querying data. Did we cover everything you might need to know? Of course not. It’s only a 3 hour workshop and SQL is a big language. I highly encourage you to look at the resources below to learn more and expand your SQL skills. I also welcome pull requests and submitting issues for typo fixes or ideas for additional content.</p>
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<p><strong>Resources</strong></p>
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<p><ahref="https://www.w3schools.com/sql/default.asp">W3Schools SQL Materials</a> - This is an excellent reference for SQL syntax with a fun “try it yourself” feature.</p>
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