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bellstaging-verified

Verified formalization of the modified Bell staging criteria for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates, written in Rocq (Coq) 9.

What this is

A machine-checked implementation of the Walsh-Kliegman modified Bell staging system (Stages IA through IIIB) for NEC, covering:

  • Risk assessment — gestational age, birth weight, feeding type, comorbidities, with literature-sourced weights
  • Classification — two independent classifiers (procedural and declarative) with proved agreement on the surgical boundary (IIIB)
  • Treatment — NPO duration, antibiotic regimen selection, culture-directed escalation
  • Surgical decision — absolute/relative indications, procedure selection per the NET trial
  • Feeding protocol — NPO duration by stage, refeeding criteria, recovery timeline
  • Temporal progression — clinical trajectory, management phase DAG with proved termination
  • Differential diagnosis — NEC vs SIP vs volvulus vs sepsis vs feeding intolerance
  • Prognosis — mortality, stricture, and short bowel syndrome risk ranges by stage

Key theorems

Theorem File Meaning
classify_inputs_monotone BellWitnesses.v Adding clinical signs never decreases stage
classify_agree_on_surgery BellCriteriaDecl.v Both classifiers agree on IIIB (surgical boundary)
classifiers_not_equivalent BellCriteriaDecl.v The two classifiers genuinely disagree at intermediate stages
perforation_always_surgical BellWitnesses.v Pneumoperitoneum always triggers surgery
no_perforation_not_IIIB BellWitnesses.v Without perforation, IIIB is unreachable
all_paths_terminate BellStage.v Every management phase reaches Resolved or Death
valid_transition_acyclic BellStage.v The management phase graph has no cycles
breast_milk_reduces_risk BellWitnesses.v Switching from formula to breast milk strictly reduces risk

Building

Requires Rocq 9.0 and coq-quickchick.

make

File structure

File Contents
BellParams.v Clinical parameters, risk factors, lab values, coagulation, microbiology, vital signs
BellSigns.v Organ failure scoring, differential diagnosis, systemic/intestinal/radiographic signs
BellStage.v Stage enum, diagnosis, temporal progression, clinical state, time series
BellClassification.v Classifier, treatment, surgical indications, antibiotics, feeding, prognosis
BellCriteriaDecl.v Declarative Bell criteria and classifier agreement analysis
BellWitnesses.v Witness examples, safety properties, published case validations, sensitivity analysis
BellModeling.v Extended clinical modeling: SIP protocol, NEC extent, stewardship, trends, workflow, versioning, audit
BellExtraction.v OCaml extraction directives
BellStagingQC.v QuickChick property-based tests

License

MIT

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Verified clinical decision system for neonatal NEC with executable extraction

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