Session.virtualfile_in: Deprecate the parameter 'extra_arrays. Prepare and pass a dictionary of arrays instead (will be removed in v0.20.0)

pygmt/clib/session.py

@@ -1772,9 +1772,9 @@ def virtualfile_in(
         x=None,
         y=None,
         z=None,
-        extra_arrays=None,
         required_z=False,
         required_data=True,
+        extra_arrays=None,
     ):
         """
         Store any data inside a virtual file.
@@ -1788,20 +1788,24 @@ def virtualfile_in(
         check_kind : str or None
             Used to validate the type of data that can be passed in. Choose
             from 'raster', 'vector', or None. Default is None (no validation).
-        data : str or pathlib.Path or xarray.DataArray or {table-like} or None
+        data : str or pathlib.Path or xarray.DataArray or {table-like} or dict or None
             Any raster or vector data format. This could be a file name or
             path, a raster grid, a vector matrix/arrays, or other supported
             data input.
         x/y/z : 1-D arrays or None
             x, y, and z columns as numpy arrays.
-        extra_arrays : list of 1-D arrays
-            Optional. A list of numpy arrays in addition to x, y, and z.
-            All of these arrays must be of the same size as the x/y/z arrays.
         required_z : bool
             State whether the 'z' column is required.
         required_data : bool
             Set to True when 'data' is required, or False when dealing with
             optional virtual files. [Default is True].
+        extra_arrays : list of 1-D arrays
+            Optional. A list of numpy arrays in addition to x, y, and z. All of these
+            arrays must be of the same size as the x/y/z arrays.
+
+            .. deprecated:: v0.16.0
+               The parameter 'extra_arrays' will be removed in v0.20.0. Prepare and pass
+               a dictionary of arrays instead. E.g., `{"x": x, "y": y, "size": size}`.
 
         Returns
         -------
@@ -1879,11 +1883,18 @@ def virtualfile_in(
                 _data = [x, y]
                 if z is not None:
                     _data.append(z)
+                # TODO(PyGMT>=0.20.0): Remove the deprecated parameter 'extra_arrays'.
                 if extra_arrays:
+                    msg = (
+                        "The parameter 'extra_arrays' will be removed in v0.20.0. "
+                        "Prepare and pass a dictionary of arrays instead. E.g., "
+                        "`{'x': x, 'y': y, 'size': size}`."
+                    )
+                    warnings.warn(message=msg, category=FutureWarning, stacklevel=1)
                     _data.extend(extra_arrays)
             case "vectors":
                 if hasattr(data, "items") and not hasattr(data, "to_frame"):
-                    # pandas.DataFrame or xarray.Dataset types.
+                    # Dictionary, pandas.DataFrame or xarray.Dataset types.
                     # pandas.Series will be handled below like a 1-D numpy.ndarray.
                     _data = [array for _, array in data.items()]
                 else:

pygmt/helpers/utils.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 import time
 import webbrowser
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
+from itertools import islice
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Literal
 
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@
 ]
 
 
-def _validate_data_input(
+def _validate_data_input(  # noqa: PLR0912
     data=None, x=None, y=None, z=None, required_z=False, required_data=True, kind=None
 ) -> None:
     """
@@ -143,6 +144,15 @@ def _validate_data_input(
                     raise GMTInvalidInput(msg)
                 if hasattr(data, "data_vars") and len(data.data_vars) < 3:  # xr.Dataset
                     raise GMTInvalidInput(msg)
+        if kind == "vectors" and isinstance(data, dict):
+            # Iterator over the up-to-3 first elements.
+            arrays = list(islice(data.values(), 3))
+            if len(arrays) < 2 or any(v is None for v in arrays[:2]):  # Check x/y
+                msg = "Must provide x and y."
+                raise GMTInvalidInput(msg)
+            if required_z and (len(arrays) < 3 or arrays[2] is None):  # Check z
+                msg = "Must provide x, y, and z."
+                raise GMTInvalidInput(msg)
 
 
 def _is_printable_ascii(argstr: str) -> bool:

pygmt/src/plot.py

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     w="wrap",
 )
 @kwargs_to_strings(R="sequence", c="sequence_comma", i="sequence_comma", p="sequence")
-def plot(
+def plot(  # noqa: PLR0912
     self,
     data=None,
     x=None,
@@ -232,34 +232,37 @@ def plot(
     kwargs = self._preprocess(**kwargs)
 
     kind = data_kind(data)
-    extra_arrays = []
-    if kind == "empty":  # Add more columns for vectors input
+    if kind == "empty":  # Data is given via a series of vectors.
+        data = {"x": x, "y": y}
         # Parameters for vector styles
         if (
             isinstance(kwargs.get("S"), str)
             and len(kwargs["S"]) >= 1
             and kwargs["S"][0] in "vV"
             and is_nonstr_iter(direction)
         ):
-            extra_arrays.extend(direction)
+            data.update({"x2": direction[0], "y2": direction[1]})
         # Fill
         if is_nonstr_iter(kwargs.get("G")):
-            extra_arrays.append(kwargs.get("G"))
+            data["fill"] = kwargs["G"]
             del kwargs["G"]
         # Size
         if is_nonstr_iter(size):
-            extra_arrays.append(size)
+            data["size"] = size
         # Intensity and transparency
-        for flag in ["I", "t"]:
+        for flag, name in ["I", "intensity"], ["t", "transparency"]:
             if is_nonstr_iter(kwargs.get(flag)):
-                extra_arrays.append(kwargs.get(flag))
+                data[name] = kwargs[flag]
                 kwargs[flag] = ""
         # Symbol must be at the last column
         if is_nonstr_iter(symbol):
             if "S" not in kwargs:
                 kwargs["S"] = True
-            extra_arrays.append(symbol)
+            data["symbol"] = symbol
     else:
+        if any(v is not None for v in (x, y)):
+            msg = "Too much data. Use either data or x/y/z."
+            raise GMTInvalidInput(msg)
         for name, value in [
             ("direction", direction),
             ("fill", kwargs.get("G")),
@@ -277,7 +280,5 @@ def plot(
         kwargs["S"] = "s0.2c"
 
     with Session() as lib:
-        with lib.virtualfile_in(
-            check_kind="vector", data=data, x=x, y=y, extra_arrays=extra_arrays
-        ) as vintbl:
+        with lib.virtualfile_in(check_kind="vector", data=data) as vintbl:
             lib.call_module(module="plot", args=build_arg_list(kwargs, infile=vintbl))

pygmt/src/plot3d.py

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
     w="wrap",
 )
 @kwargs_to_strings(R="sequence", c="sequence_comma", i="sequence_comma", p="sequence")
-def plot3d(
+def plot3d(  # noqa: PLR0912
     self,
     data=None,
     x=None,
@@ -210,35 +210,38 @@ def plot3d(
     kwargs = self._preprocess(**kwargs)
 
     kind = data_kind(data)
-    extra_arrays = []
-
-    if kind == "empty":  # Add more columns for vectors input
+    if kind == "empty":  # Data is given via a series of vectors.
+        data = {"x": x, "y": y, "z": z}
         # Parameters for vector styles
         if (
             isinstance(kwargs.get("S"), str)
             and len(kwargs["S"]) >= 1
             and kwargs["S"][0] in "vV"
             and is_nonstr_iter(direction)
         ):
-            extra_arrays.extend(direction)
+            data.update({"x2": direction[0], "y2": direction[1]})
         # Fill
         if is_nonstr_iter(kwargs.get("G")):
-            extra_arrays.append(kwargs.get("G"))
+            data["fill"] = kwargs["G"]
             del kwargs["G"]
         # Size
         if is_nonstr_iter(size):
-            extra_arrays.append(size)
+            data["size"] = size
         # Intensity and transparency
-        for flag in ["I", "t"]:
+        for flag, name in [("I", "intensity"), ("t", "transparency")]:
             if is_nonstr_iter(kwargs.get(flag)):
-                extra_arrays.append(kwargs.get(flag))
+                data[name] = kwargs[flag]
                 kwargs[flag] = ""
         # Symbol must be at the last column
         if is_nonstr_iter(symbol):
             if "S" not in kwargs:
                 kwargs["S"] = True
-            extra_arrays.append(symbol)
+            data["symbol"] = symbol
     else:
+        if any(v is not None for v in (x, y, z)):
+            msg = "Too much data. Use either data or x/y/z."
+            raise GMTInvalidInput(msg)
+
         for name, value in [
             ("direction", direction),
             ("fill", kwargs.get("G")),
@@ -257,12 +260,6 @@ def plot3d(
 
     with Session() as lib:
         with lib.virtualfile_in(
-            check_kind="vector",
-            data=data,
-            x=x,
-            y=y,
-            z=z,
-            extra_arrays=extra_arrays,
-            required_z=True,
+            check_kind="vector", data=data, required_z=True
         ) as vintbl:
             lib.call_module(module="plot3d", args=build_arg_list(kwargs, infile=vintbl))

pygmt/src/text.py

@@ -222,22 +222,24 @@ def text_(  # noqa: PLR0912
         elif isinstance(arg, int | float | str):
             kwargs["F"] += f"{flag}{arg}"
 
-    extra_arrays = []
     confdict = {}
+    data = None
     if kind == "empty":
+        data = {"x": x, "y": y}
+
         for arg, flag, name in array_args:
             if is_nonstr_iter(arg):
                 kwargs["F"] += flag
                 # angle is numeric type and font/justify are str type.
                 if name == "angle":
-                    extra_arrays.append(arg)
+                    data["angle"] = arg
                 else:
-                    extra_arrays.append(np.asarray(arg, dtype=np.str_))
+                    data[name] = np.asarray(arg, dtype=np.str_)
 
         # If an array of transparency is given, GMT will read it from the last numerical
         # column per data record.
         if is_nonstr_iter(kwargs.get("t")):
-            extra_arrays.append(kwargs["t"])
+            data["transparency"] = kwargs["t"]
             kwargs["t"] = True
 
         # Append text to the last column. Text must be passed in as str type.
@@ -247,7 +249,7 @@ def text_(  # noqa: PLR0912
                 text, encoding=encoding
             )
             confdict["PS_CHAR_ENCODING"] = encoding
-        extra_arrays.append(text)
+        data["text"] = text
     else:
         if isinstance(position, str):
             kwargs["F"] += f"+c{position}+t{text}"
@@ -260,10 +262,7 @@ def text_(  # noqa: PLR0912
     with Session() as lib:
         with lib.virtualfile_in(
             check_kind="vector",
-            data=textfiles,
-            x=x,
-            y=y,
-            extra_arrays=extra_arrays,
+            data=textfiles or data,
             required_data=required_data,
         ) as vintbl:
             lib.call_module(

pygmt/tests/test_clib_virtualfile_in.py

@@ -128,3 +128,32 @@ def test_virtualfile_in_matrix_string_dtype():
                 assert output == "347.5 348.5 -30.5 -30\n"
                 # Should check that lib.virtualfile_from_vectors is called once,
                 # not lib.virtualfile_from_matrix, but it's technically complicated.
+
+
+# TODO(PyGMT>=0.20.0): Remove the test related to deprecated parameter 'extra_arrays'.
+def test_virtualfile_in_extra_arrays(data):
+    """
+    Test that the extra_arrays parameter is deprecated.
+    """
+    with clib.Session() as lib:
+        # Call the method twice to ensure only one statement in the with block.
+        # Test that a FutureWarning is raised when extra_arrays is used.
+        with pytest.warns(FutureWarning):
+            with lib.virtualfile_in(
+                check_kind="vector",
+                x=data[:, 0],
+                y=data[:, 1],
+                extra_arrays=[data[:, 2]],
+            ) as vfile:
+                pass
+        # Test that the output is correct.
+        with GMTTempFile() as outfile:
+            with lib.virtualfile_in(
+                check_kind="vector",
+                x=data[:, 0],
+                y=data[:, 1],
+                extra_arrays=[data[:, 2]],
+            ) as vfile:
+                lib.call_module("info", [vfile, "-C", f"->{outfile.name}"])
+                output = outfile.read(keep_tabs=False)
+                assert output == "11.5309 61.7074 -2.9289 7.8648 0.1412 0.9338\n"

pygmt/tests/test_plot3d.py

@@ -88,6 +88,21 @@ def test_plot3d_fail_1d_array_with_data(data, region):
         fig.plot3d(style="cc", fill="red", transparency=data[:, 2] * 100, **kwargs)
 
 
+def test_plot3d_fail_no_data(data, region):
+    """
+    Should raise an exception if data is not enough or too much.
+    """
+    fig = Figure()
+    with pytest.raises(GMTInvalidInput):
+        fig.plot3d(
+            style="c0.2c", x=data[0], y=data[1], region=region, projection="X10c"
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(GMTInvalidInput):
+        fig.plot3d(
+            style="c0.2c", data=data, x=data[0], region=region, projection="X10c"
+        )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.mpl_image_compare
 def test_plot3d_projection(data, region):
     """