Deprecate Python3.10, drop Black/Isort/NBQA

[Zeitsperre]

Pull Request Checklist:

• This PR addresses an already opened issue (for bug fixes / features)
  • This PR fixes Replace more lint tooling with ruff #1805
• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
  • (If applicable) Documentation has been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)
• CHANGELOG.rst has been updated (with summary of main changes)
  • Link to issue (:issue:number) and pull request (:pull:number) has been added

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

• Drops support for Python3.10
• Updates several dependencies according to scipy SPEC-0 suggestions
• Drops black, isort, and nbqa formatting tools

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

Yes. Python3.10 is no longer supported. Several core dependencies have also been updated (scikit-learn, numpy, numba, scipy, pyarrow)

Other information:

numpy has suggested dropping support of v1.24 (https://numpy.org/neps/nep-0029-deprecation_policy.html). If we wish to, we can pin numpy and numba higher.

The linting dependencies are all made redundant with ruff.

• blackdoc is still present, as ruff does not adjust code blocks in Markdown or RestructuredText.
• pytest-flake8-rst-docstrings provides some very specific checks that have not yet been reproduced in ruff.
  • Reproducing this functionality is particularly complex since it relies on docutils (which would need to be translated into rust; Not happening soon.)

[github-actions]

Note

It appears that this Pull Request modifies the main.yml workflow.

On inspection, the XCLIM_TESTDATA_BRANCH environment variable is set to the most recent tag (v2025.1.8).

No further action is required.

[Zeitsperre]

This is waiting on the release of the new sphinx-autodoc-typehints on conda-forge.

[Zeitsperre]

@aulemahal This is ready for review!

[aulemahal]

The future is now.