Do not raise deprecation warnings for internal uses of dag.duration and dag.unit (backport #14133)

[mergify]

Summary

dag.duration and dag.unit raise a deprecation warning from Rust which I believe doesn't follow the right stack level, because every time dag_to_circuit is called, these deprecation warnings are raised to the user as if they were user-actionable (which they are not). This happens not only for direct calls to dag_to_circuit (and a couple others), but also every time dag_to_circuit is used internally, flooding test runs and confusing both users and downstream package devs.

We don't see them because we have a blanket filter in our unit test configuration, but now that the deprecation warnings are going to stay until 3.0, I think that at least a filter would improve the user experience of dag_to_circuit.

Details and comments

---

This is an automatic backport of pull request #14133 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

[mergify]

Cherry-pick of d0aa100 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/stable/1.4/pr-14133
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/stable/1.4'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit d0aa10088.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	modified:   qiskit/circuit/quantumcircuit.py
	modified:   qiskit/converters/circuit_to_dag.py
	modified:   qiskit/converters/dag_to_circuit.py
	modified:   qiskit/dagcircuit/dagdependency_v2.py
	modified:   qiskit/transpiler/passes/scheduling/padding/dynamical_decoupling.py
	modified:   qiskit/transpiler/passes/scheduling/padding/pad_delay.py
	modified:   qiskit/visualization/timeline/core.py
	modified:   test/python/dagcircuit/test_dagcircuit.py
	modified:   test/python/transpiler/_dummy_passes.py

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
	both modified:   crates/circuit/src/dag_circuit.rs
	both modified:   qiskit/transpiler/passes/scheduling/padding/base_padding.py
	both modified:   test/python/circuit/test_scheduled_circuit.py
	both modified:   test/python/compiler/test_transpiler.py
	both modified:   test/utils/base.py

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

[qiskit-bot]

Thank you for opening a new pull request.

Before your PR can be merged it will first need to pass continuous integration tests and be reviewed. Sometimes the review process can be slow, so please be patient.

While you're waiting, please feel free to review other open PRs. While only a subset of people are authorized to approve pull requests for merging, everyone is encouraged to review open pull requests. Doing reviews helps reduce the burden on the core team and helps make the project's code better for everyone.

One or more of the following people are relevant to this code:

• @enavarro51
• @Qiskit/terra-core
• @nkanazawa1989

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 14197479951

Details

• 50 of 92 (54.35%) changed or added relevant lines in 14 files are covered.
• 30 unchanged lines in 5 files lost coverage.
• Overall coverage decreased (-0.05%) to 88.803%

---

Changes Missing Coverage	Covered Lines	Changed/Added Lines	%
qiskit/circuit/duration.py	8	16	50.0%
crates/circuit/src/dag_circuit.rs	10	44	22.73%

Files with Coverage Reduction	New Missed Lines	%
crates/accelerate/src/unitary_synthesis.rs	1	93.21%
crates/qasm2/src/expr.rs	1	94.02%
crates/qasm2/src/lex.rs	5	92.73%
crates/circuit/src/dag_circuit.rs	11	88.28%
crates/qasm2/src/parse.rs	12	97.15%

Totals
Change from base Build 14090852690:	-0.05%
Covered Lines:	79449
Relevant Lines:	89467

---

💛 - Coveralls