🛡️ Drone Security Knowledge Base (DroneSecKB)

A comprehensive cybersecurity knowledge base for drone/UAV vulnerabilities, attack vectors, and defense strategies.

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📖 Overview

The Drone Security Knowledge Base addresses the critical gap in consolidated UAV cybersecurity information. With over 70% of practitioners lacking awareness of UAV cyber risks (Frontiers, 2025), this project provides a centralized, accessible resource for:

• Security Researchers investigating drone vulnerabilities
• Penetration Testers assessing UAV systems
• Drone Manufacturers improving product security
• Regulatory Bodies developing security standards
• Hobbyists & Operators understanding risks

🎯 Features

OWASP Drone Top 10 Security Risks

Based on the official OWASP Drone Security Project, covering:

#	Risk	Severity
1	Insecure Communication	🔴 Critical
2	Weak Authentication/Authorization	🔴 Critical
3	Insecure Firmware/Software	🟠 High
4	GPS Spoofing	🟠 High
5	Insufficient Network Security	🟠 High
6	Inadequate Data Protection	🟡 Medium
7	Lack of Secure Update Mechanism	🟡 Medium
8	Insecure Third-party Components	🟡 Medium
9	Physical Security Weaknesses	🟡 Medium
10	Insufficient Logging & Monitoring	🟢 Low

CVE Database

Documented vulnerabilities with technical details:

CVE ID	Product	CVSS	Status
CVE-2024-52876	Holy Stone Remote ID Module	7.5	Patched
CVE-2024-6422	Consumer UAV (Multiple)	9.8	Vendor Notified
CVE-2023-6951	DJI Mavic 3 Series	6.6	Patched
CVE-2023-51454-56	DJI Mavic 3 vtwo_sdk	6.8	Patched

Attack Vector Categories

• Communication Attacks: WiFi Deauth, MAVLink Injection, Replay, MITM
• GPS/Navigation Attacks: GPS Spoofing, Jamming, IMU Manipulation
• Network Attacks: Telnet Access, FTP Exploitation, DoS
• Firmware Attacks: Extraction, Downgrade, Code Injection

Tools & Resources

Curated collection of:

• Offensive security tools (DroneSploit, Damn Vulnerable Drone)
• Analysis frameworks (DJI Firmware Tools, pymavlink)
• Standards (OWASP, NIST SP 800-193, ETSI EN 303 645)

🚀 Quick Start

Option 1: View Online

Simply open index.html in any modern web browser.

Option 2: Local Server

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/yourusername/drone-security-kb.git
cd drone-security-kb

# Serve with Python
python3 -m http.server 8080

# Or use Node.js
npx serve .

Then navigate to http://localhost:8080

Option 3: GitHub Pages

1. Fork this repository
2. Go to Settings → Pages
3. Select "Deploy from a branch" → main
4. Access at https://yourusername.github.io/drone-security-kb

📚 Knowledge Base Structure

drone-security-kb/
├── index.html          # Main application (single-page)
├── README.md           # This file
├── LICENSE             # MIT License
└── docs/
    ├── OWASP_TOP_10.md # Detailed risk descriptions
    ├── CVE_DATABASE.md # Full CVE documentation
    ├── ATTACK_VECTORS.md # Attack methodologies
    └── MITIGATIONS.md  # Defense strategies

🔬 Key Vulnerabilities Highlighted

1. MAVLink Protocol Insecurity

The MAVLink protocol, used by ArduPilot, PX4, and many commercial drones, transmits unencrypted messages by default.

# Example: Sniffing MAVLink traffic
from pymavlink import mavutil

# Connect to drone
master = mavutil.mavlink_connection('udp:0.0.0.0:14550')

while True:
    msg = master.recv_match(blocking=True)
    print(f"[{msg.get_type()}] {msg.to_dict()}")

Mitigation: Implement MAVLink 2.0 with message signing and ChaCha20 encryption.

2. Open Network Services

Many consumer drones expose dangerous services:

# Common drone network scan results
$ nmap -sV 192.168.1.1

PORT     STATE SERVICE
21/tcp   open  ftp         # Anonymous access!
23/tcp   open  telnet      # Root shell!
80/tcp   open  http        # Unauthenticated API
5555/tcp open  adb         # Android Debug Bridge

Mitigation: Disable unnecessary services, enforce authentication.

3. GPS Spoofing Vulnerability

Civil GPS signals are unencrypted, making drones vulnerable to position manipulation.

Attacker → [Fake GPS Signal] → Drone GPS Receiver
                                    ↓
                              [False Position]
                                    ↓
                              [Navigation Error]

Mitigation: Multi-constellation GNSS, IMU fusion, visual positioning backup.

🛠️ Security Testing Checklist

Use this checklist when assessing drone security:

• Network Reconnaissance

  • Identify WiFi access point
  • Scan for open ports (21, 22, 23, 80, 5555)
  • Check for default credentials

• Communication Security

  • Test for unencrypted traffic
  • Attempt replay attacks
  • Check MAVLink message signing

• Authentication Testing

  • Try default passwords
  • Test Bluetooth pairing security
  • Attempt session hijacking

• Firmware Analysis

  • Extract and analyze firmware
  • Check for signed updates
  • Look for hardcoded credentials

• Physical Security

  • Check for debug ports (JTAG/SWD)
  • Test tamper detection
  • Analyze storage encryption

📊 Risk Assessment Matrix

Likelihood ↓ / Impact →	Low	Medium	High	Critical
Very High	🟡	🟠	🔴	🔴
High	🟢	🟡	🟠	🔴
Medium	🟢	🟡	🟠	🟠
Low	🟢	🟢	🟡	🟡

🔗 External Resources

Official Standards

• OWASP Drone Top 10
• OWASP Drone Security Cheat Sheet
• NIST SP 800-193 Platform Firmware Resiliency
• ETSI EN 303 645 Consumer IoT Security

Research & Publications

• D3S: Drone Security Scoring System (MDPI 2024)
• DJI Mavic 3 Research - Nozomi Networks
• MAVSec: Securing MAVLink Protocol
• GPS Spoofing Survey - PMC

Security Tools

• DroneSploit - Metasploit-like drone exploitation framework
• Damn Vulnerable Drone - Practice environment
• DJI Firmware Tools - Firmware analysis utilities

🤝 Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please:

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch (git checkout -b feature/new-cve)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add CVE-2024-XXXXX')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin feature/new-cve)
5. Open a Pull Request

Adding New CVEs

When adding new CVEs, please include:

• CVE ID and NVD link
• Affected product/firmware version
• CVSS score and severity
• Technical description
• Proof of concept (if public)
• Mitigation steps
• References

⚠️ Disclaimer

This knowledge base is for educational and defensive security research purposes only.

• Do NOT use this information to attack systems without authorization
• Always obtain proper permission before security testing
• Respect responsible disclosure practices
• Comply with all applicable laws and regulations

Unauthorized access to computer systems is illegal and unethical.

📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

🙏 Acknowledgments

• OWASP Foundation for the Drone Security Project
• Security researchers who responsibly disclose drone vulnerabilities
• The open-source drone security community

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Built for the UAV Security Research Community
⭐ Star this repo if you find it useful!