🌾📡 Smart Agriculture System: Greenhouse and Field Monitoring 🏡🚜

Welcome to our Smart Agriculture System GitHub repository! 🌱 This comprehensive project is designed to revolutionize agriculture by combining two vital components: Greenhouse Monitoring and Field Monitoring. Our solution provides farmers with a sophisticated yet user-friendly system for optimizing crop conditions in both controlled environments and remote fields. Explore each part of our project:

1. Greenhouse Monitoring and Controlling 🏡

Our Greenhouse Monitoring module focuses on creating an interconnected network of greenhouses using Wi-Fi technology. Here's what it offers:

• 🌍 Networked Greenhouses: Connect multiple greenhouses to a central Raspberry Pi hub over Wi-Fi, enabling centralized control and monitoring.

• 🌡️ Environmental Sensors: Utilize sensors for temperature, humidity, and other key parameters to ensure optimal greenhouse conditions.

• 🌐 Dashboard Interface: Access a farmer-friendly dashboard for real-time insights into each greenhouse's environmental status.

• 📊 Control Mechanisms: Implement automated control mechanisms for factors like irrigation, ventilation, and lighting to optimize crop growth.

2. Field Monitoring and Controlling 🚜

The Field Monitoring module extends our system to remote fields, overcoming connectivity challenges. Here's what it includes:

• 🌱 LoRa Connectivity: Use LoRa (SX1278 module) for remote field communication, ensuring reliable data transmission in areas with limited Wi-Fi coverage.

• 🌧️ Moisture Sensors: Deploy moisture sensors in the field to gather crucial soil moisture data for informed irrigation decisions.

• 📡 Integration with Raspberry Pi Hub: Connect field sensors to the central Raspberry Pi hub, aggregating data for a holistic view of the agricultural landscape.

• 🚀 Precision Agriculture: Empower farmers with data-driven insights to make informed decisions for optimizing crop yield and resource efficiency.

The key features

Our automated greenhouse is a cutting-edge solution for precision agriculture. It incorporates a range of essential components to optimize crop growth and environmental conditions. The key features include:

🌧️ Environmental Monitoring:

• DHT11 Sensor: Measures humidity and temperature.
• Soil Moisture Sensor: Monitors soil moisture levels.
• BH1750 Ambient Light Sensor: Measures lux value for precise light intensity control.

🧠 Control Hub:

• ESP32 Microcontroller: Powers the greenhouse automation, collecting and processing data from the sensors.

⚙️ Parameter Control Modules:

• Solenoid Valve: Manages irrigation to ensure optimal soil moisture.
• LED Grow Lights: Adjusts lighting conditions for different growth stages.
• Exhaust Fan: Regulates temperature and humidity levels by activating the exhaust system.

🌡️ Automated Regulation: Our program facilitates the automatic regulation of the greenhouse environment:

• Temperature Control: The exhaust fan is activated to maintain the desired temperature.
• Humidity Control: The exhaust fan contributes to humidity regulation.
• Soil Moisture Management: The solenoid water valve ensures optimal soil moisture levels.
• Lighting Adjustment: LED grow lights are dynamically controlled to achieve the desired light intensity.

MQTT Protocol: Simplifying IoT Communication 🌐📡

MQTT, or Message Queuing Telemetry Transport, is a lightweight and efficient messaging protocol designed for reliable communication in the Internet of Things (IoT) landscape. It operates on the publish-subscribe model, making it ideal for scenarios where small, intermittent, or low-bandwidth connections are common.

Key Features of MQTT:

• Publish-Subscribe Model: Devices communicate via a broker, where publishers send messages without knowing who the subscribers are, and subscribers receive messages based on topics of interest.

• QoS Levels: Offers three Quality of Service levels, ensuring reliable message delivery even in challenging network conditions.

• Retained Messages: The broker can store the last message on a topic, making it available to new subscribers when they connect.

• Lightweight: Designed for resource-constrained environments, MQTT minimizes bandwidth usage and processing overhead.

Raspberry Pi MQTT Broker: Centralized IoT Communication Hub 🍓📡

In our Smart Agriculture System, the Raspberry Pi serves as a powerful MQTT broker, acting as a centralized hub for communication between various components. Here's why the Raspberry Pi is an excellent choice for hosting an MQTT broker:

Raspberry Pi Benefits:

• Low-Cost Solution: Raspberry Pi offers a cost-effective yet robust solution for hosting an MQTT broker, making it accessible for a wide range of IoT projects.

• Wi-Fi Connectivity: With built-in Wi-Fi capabilities, Raspberry Pi allows seamless communication with devices within the network, such as greenhouses and sensors.

• GPIO Pins for Sensor Integration: Raspberry Pi's General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) pins enable easy integration with sensors, making it versatile for gathering environmental data.

• Open-Source Software Support: Various MQTT broker software, such as Mosquitto, can be easily installed on Raspberry Pi, ensuring flexibility and compatibility.

Node-RED Dashboard: Visualize, Interact, Innovate 🚀📊

Welcome to the heart of our Smart Agriculture System's user experience – the Node-RED Dashboard. Designed for simplicity and functionality, the Node-RED Dashboard transforms complex IoT data into an interactive and visually engaging interface.

Key Features:

🔍 Visual Flow Programming: Node-RED Dashboard allows you to build intuitive workflows visually. Easily connect nodes, process MQTT data, and design a customized dashboard tailored to your agricultural needs.

📈 Real-Time Monitoring: Witness real-time updates of environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. Stay informed about the health and conditions of your greenhouses and remote fields at a glance.

🎛️ Intuitive Control Widgets: Take control effortlessly with interactive widgets. From adjusting lighting conditions to managing irrigation, the Node-RED Dashboard provides a user-friendly interface for seamless control of your Smart Agriculture System.

🌐 Customizable Dashboards: Tailor dashboards to suit your preferences. Highlight essential information, rearrange widgets, and create a personalized view that aligns with your farming priorities.

Empowering Agriculture:

Node-RED Dashboard acts as the bridge between the complexity of IoT data and the user's need for simplicity. Empower farmers with the tools to make informed decisions, all within a visually appealing and accessible interface.

Hardware Components

Central Control Hub:

1. Raspberry Pi (or any other microcontroller)
2. MicroSD Card (for Raspberry Pi)
3. Power Supply for Raspberry Pi

Environmental Sensors:

4. DHT11 Sensor (Humidity and Temperature)
5. Soil Moisture Sensor
6. BH1750 Ambient Light Sensor (Lux value)

Actuators:

7. Solenoid Water Valve (for irrigation)
8. LED Grow Lights
9. Exhaust Fan

Communication:

10. LoRa Module (SX1278) for remote fields

PCB Design with Altium Designer

Schematic diagram

Top layer

Bottom Layer