ITESM Robot Language Compiler (Team #1)

This project aims to develop a robot language compiler for simulating the CPU of a car robot. The compiler is built using Flex and Bison to parse polite language commands, validate them, and generate assembly-like instructions for the robot to execute.

Description of the Problem

Industry 4.0 has led to the emergence of smart factories, where robots play a crucial role in manufacturing processes. To efficiently control these robots, a robot programming language and compiler are necessary. This project focuses on creating a compiler for a simplified robot language that supports movement and turning instructions.

Definition of Automata

The CPU simulator logic is specified using Flex and Bison. Flex generates a lexical analyzer to tokenize input sentences, while Bison generates a parser to validate the grammar and generate assembly-like instructions.

Definition of CFG and Lexemes

The context-free grammar (CFG) defines the structure of valid sentences in the robot language. Lexemes are defined using regular expressions in Flex to recognize keywords, numbers, and directions.

Tokens

• "Robot" { return ROBOT; }
• "please" { return PLEASE; }
• "move" { return MOVE; }
• "blocks" { return BLOCKS; }
• "ahead" { return AHEAD; }
• "and" { return AND; }
• "then" { return THEN; }
• "turn" { return TURN; }
• "degrees" { return DEGREES; }
• "." { return DOT; }
• [0-9]+ { yylval.num = atoi(yytext); return NUMBER; }
• [\n] { return EOL; }
• [ \t] ; /* Ignore whitespace */
• . { return yytext[0]; }

CFG

G = {V, Σ, R, S }

V = {commands, command, polite_command, action_list, optional_then, action, move_action, turn_action}

Σ = {ROBOT, PLEASE, MOVE, TURN, NUMBER, BLOCKS, AHEAD, DEGREES, AND, THEN, DOT, EOL}

R=

• commands → commands command | ε
• command → polite_command DOT EOL | polite_command EOL
• polite_command → ROBOT PLEASE action_list
• action_list → action | action_list AND optional_then action
• optional_then → ε | THEN
• action → move_action | turn_action
• move_action → MOVE NUMBER BLOCKS AHEAD
• turn_action → TURN NUMBER DEGREES

S = commands

List of Sample Inputs

Valid Sentences:

• "Robot please move 2 blocks ahead"
• "Robot please move 3 blocks ahead and then turn 90 degrees, then move 2 blocks"

Invalid Sentences:

• "Robot moves 2 blocks"
• "Robot moves 2 blocks quickly"
• "Move 2 blocks right now"
• "Robot 2 blocks moves"
• "Moves Robot 2 blocks and turn 89 degrees"