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a6e5a38
Original LifeSim Technical Reference Manual References
karenmai-usace May 21, 2026
ad04d75
- Initial DOCX to MDX convert of LifeSim Technical Reference Manual (…
karenmai-usace May 21, 2026
aad4eb9
Updated through 03-introduction-and-over-of-lifesim.mdx ## Purpose of…
karenmai-usace May 22, 2026
eb5c133
- Finished 03-intro mdx
karenmai-usace May 26, 2026
b889cbc
- Finished updating 04-hydraulic-data.mdx
karenmai-usace May 26, 2026
781cb9f
05-structure...mdx through LEHD and started ### Human Stability Criteria
karenmai-usace May 27, 2026
c5dc547
05-structure...mdx through figKey figure 17
karenmai-usace Jun 16, 2026
e36edf0
06-warning-and-protective...mdx through ### Definition of Imminent Ha…
karenmai-usace Jun 16, 2026
4cd8fb9
06-warning...mdx through 2017 Oroville warning issuance delay table.
karenmai-usace Jun 22, 2026
17f8e18
Finished 06-warning...mdx
karenmai-usace Jun 23, 2026
1c84314
Updated citations with a comma to match the rest of the website. e.g.…
karenmai-usace Jun 23, 2026
19cba8b
07-road-networks...mdx through #### Stop-and-Go Speed
karenmai-usace Jun 23, 2026
5566f77
Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into docs/major/lifesim-te…
karenmai-usace Jun 23, 2026
f255ca2
Finished 07-road-networks...mdx
karenmai-usace Jun 24, 2026
834e14f
Linked all mentions of the LifeSim Technical Reference Manual through…
karenmai-usace Jun 24, 2026
0d3f530
Finished 08-agricultural-inventory.mdx
karenmai-usace Jun 24, 2026
4b9f4cd
Finished 09-indirect-damages and linked HEC-FIA Technical Reference M…
karenmai-usace Jun 24, 2026
814193f
Finished 10-fatality and 11-computational mdxs
karenmai-usace Jun 25, 2026
642d0fc
12-consequences.mdx through ### Structure, Content, Vehicle, and Othe…
karenmai-usace Jun 25, 2026
502b29c
Finished through Appendix B - EOE questionnaire. Still working on for…
karenmai-usace Jul 1, 2026
7c2dbd1
Finished cleaning up EOE table and manually verifying against origina…
karenmai-usace Jul 1, 2026
d34378b
Finished Appendix C - Warning Diffusion
karenmai-usace Jul 1, 2026
f26ea7d
Finished Appendix D - PAI Curves
karenmai-usace Jul 1, 2026
09f6d1f
Starting to update the NSI Appendix
karenmai-usace Jul 2, 2026
be2cc9d
Completely redid LifeSim Tech Ref Manual NSI Appendix according to th…
karenmai-usace Jul 2, 2026
b3dc518
Finished Appendix F - Engineered Construction
karenmai-usace Jul 7, 2026
147ed27
FINISHED ALL PAGES!
karenmai-usace Jul 7, 2026
f31ab06
Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into docs/major/lifesim-te…
karenmai-usace Jul 7, 2026
1617947
Last read-through and fixing things here and there.
karenmai-usace Jul 8, 2026
3abafaf
Ran each page through Claude AI and fixed editorial, typo, grammar items
karenmai-usace Jul 9, 2026
7a9fad1
Ran References through Claude AI and fixed
karenmai-usace Jul 9, 2026
c0c6cc9
Revised based on Paul's review.
karenmai-usace Jul 17, 2026
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---
title: Document Info
reportDate: July 2020
reportType: Computer Program Document
reportTitle: LifeSim
reportSubTitle: Technical Reference Manual
reportAuthors: ["U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Risk Management Center"]
reportAbstract:
reportAcknowledgments: xx
reportSubjectTerms:
responsiblePersonName: Woodrow Fields
responsiblePersonNumber: ###-###-####
citationGuide: "Risk Management Center, <i>LifeSim Technical Reference Manual</i>, Davis, CA: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Institute for Water Resources, 2020. Accessed on <i>{enter current date here}</i>."
---

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<NavContainer
link="/desktop-applications/lifesim"
linkTitle="LifeSim"
document="desktop-applications/lifesim/technical-reference-manual"
></NavContainer>

# Document Information

<DocumentMetadata metadata={frontMatter} />
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---
title: Version History
---

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<NavContainer
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linkTitle="LifeSim"
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# Version History

<TableVersionHistory
versions={["1.0"]}
dates={["July 2026"]}
descriptions={["Initial release of LifeSim Technical Reference Manual as a web document. Source is the LifeSim Technical Reference Manual CPD-97a."]}
modifiedBy={['Karen Mai']}
reviewedBy={['Woodrow Fields']}
approvedBy={['Adam Gohs']}
/>
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---
title: "Preface"
---

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# Preface

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Life Loss Estimation (LifeSim) software allows you to evaluate the life loss and economic damages
resulting from a single flood scenario.

The LifeSim software is developed at RMC, which is a division of the USACE Institute for Water Resources (IWR). The first version of LifeSim (Version 1.0) was
released in 2017. This Technical Reference Manual was tailored for Version 2.0 of the LifeSim software.

Woodrow Fields leads the LifeSim development team. Stephanie Owen and Brennan Beam provided review and support throughout the development of this
manual in 2020. Jason Needham and William Lehman contributed significantly to all versions of LifeSim. Lea Adams was the Chief of the Water Resources Systems Division,
and Chris Dunn was the director during the development of Version 2.0 of the
software.

This Technical Reference Manual was originally prepared for the USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) by HDR Engineering, Inc. Additional
information can be found in the <Link to="/docs/desktop-applications/lifesim/users-guide/v1.0/welcome-to-lifesim">LifeSim User's Guide</Link>. LifeSim manuals
are available on this RMC Software Documentation website and
the <a href="https://www.rmc.usace.army.mil/Software/LifeSim/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RMC website</a>.

#### Software

<Button href="https://github.com/USACE-RMC/LifeSim/releases/download/v2.2/LifeSim_2.2.7z"><u>🡇</u> LifeSim v2.2</Button>

LifeSim Version 2.2 is available for download as a self-extracting setup package.

<CitationFootnote />
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---
title: "Executive Summary"
---

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# Executive Summary

Welcome to the Risk Management Center's LifeSim Technical Reference Manual. The main purpose of the LifeSim software is to help study teams better
understand the consequences of a flood event.

LifeSim is a spatially-distributed, dynamic simulation modeling system for estimating potential life loss and economic damages from flood hazards. A
hazard is a natural or man-made event that threatens to overwhelm and injure life and/or property, e.g., a flood, toxic plume, or wildfire. LifeSim
explicitly models the warning and mobilization of people potentially exposed to the hazard and predicts the spatial distribution of fatalities within
buildings and on road networks expected to be impacted by the hazard. Although LifeSim was developed for dam and levee safety analyses, the software
is not limited to breach flood hazards (RMC, 2021) <Citation citationKey="RMC2021"/>. The key component of LifeSim's methodology is that
the magnitude of life loss depends on whether
people evacuate successfully and whether those who fail to evacuate can find adequate
shelter (Aboelata, Bowles, and McClelland, 2003) <Citation citationKey="AboelataBowlesMcClelland2003"/>.

LifeSim is built around a database. Each component exchanges data with other components throughout the database, which includes various GIS layers and
tables. Default relationships and values are provided for many inputs. LifeSim's methodology reflects its early authors' understanding of the factors
affecting life loss. Simply put, LifeSim determines people and assets that would be subject to a certain flood, how people evacuate or seek shelter,
and estimates damages and fatalities for those people and assets caught by the flood.

This technical reference manual describes the methods, internal algorithms, and computations that LifeSim uses to calculate fatalities and damages
resulting from floods or other hazards, and to display the spatial distribution of those consequences. A strong understanding of these internal
processes will increase the user's ability to identify model limitations, provide suitable inputs, communicate the importance of results, and help
validate decisions that LifeSim supports.

<CitationFootnote />
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