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233 changes: 91 additions & 142 deletions Indicators/Livelihood-Coping-Strategies-FS/LCS-FS-indicator.sps
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* Encoding: UTF-8.
********************************************************************************
* SPSS Syntax for the Livelihood Coping Strategy for Food Security (LCS-FS) indicator
*******************************************************************************

* Important note: this syntax file is only an example. When calculating the indicator, you will need to include the 10 strategies (4 stress, 3 crisis, 3 emergency) that were selected for your specific case.
* Encoding: UTF-8.

* Please find more guidance on the indicator at the LCS-FS VAM Resource Center page: https://resources.vam.wfp.org/data-analysis/quantitative/food-security/livelihood-coping-strategies-food-security
*** ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* VALUE LABELS
*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*** WFP Standardized Scripts
*** Livelihood Coping Strategies - Food Security (LCS-FS)

VALUE LABELS
Lcs_stress_DomAsset
Lcs_stress_Utilities
Lcs_stress_Saving
Lcs_stress_BorrowCash
Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets
Lcs_crisis_Health
Lcs_crisis_OutSchool
Lcs_em_ResAsset
Lcs_em_Begged
Lcs_em_IllegalAct
10 'No, because we did not need to'
20 'No, because we already sold those assets or have engaged in this activity within the last 12 months and cannot continue to'
30 'Yes'
9999 'Not applicable (do not have children/these assets)'.


*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*

* TREATMENT OF MISSING VALUES

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* The LCS-FS standard module does not allow for skipping questions, so there should not be missing values. Check that indeed this is the case.
FREQUENCIES Lcs_stress_DomAsset Lcs_stress_Utilities Lcs_stress_Saving Lcs_stress_BorrowCash Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets Lcs_crisis_Health Lcs_crisis_OutSchool Lcs_em_ResAsset Lcs_em_Begged Lcs_em_IllegalAct.

* If there are no missings, you can just go ahead. If there are missing values, then you will need to understand why and, based on that, treat these missing values.

* POTENTIAL REASON 1: Although not recommended, customized modules might include skip patterns to avoid asking about strategies that are not relevant for the household.
*For example, a skip pattern might be introduced so that a question on withdrawing children from school is not asked to households with no children.
*In these cases, it is important to recode missing values to 9999 'Not applicable (don't have children/these assets)'.

* POTENTIAL REASON 2: Although in the standard module questions should be mandatory, customized modules might allow to skip questions (for example because the respondent refuse to answer).
*In these cases, missing values should be left as such.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*

* STRESS STRATEGIES

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* reminder: this is just an example of four stress strategies. You will need to replace with the four strategies selected for your specific case

*Variable labels:

VARIABLE LABELS
Lcs_stress_DomAsset "Sold household assets/goods (radio, furniture, refrigerator, relevision, jewellery, etc.)"
Lcs_stress_Utilities "Reduced or ceased payments on essential utilities and bills "
Lcs_stress_Saving "Spent saving"
Lcs_stress_BorrowCash "Borrowed cash" .


*% of household who adopted one or more stress coping strategies

DO IF Lcs_stress_DomAsset=20 | Lcs_stress_DomAsset=30 | Lcs_stress_Utilities=20 | Lcs_stress_Utilities=30 | Lcs_stress_Saving=20 | Lcs_stress_Saving=30 | Lcs_stress_BorrowCash=20 | Lcs_stress_BorrowCash=30.
COMPUTE stress_coping_FS=1.
ELSE.
COMPUTE stress_coping_FS = 0.
END IF.

VARIABLE LABELS stress_coping_FS "Did the HH engage in stress coping strategies?" .



*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*

* CRISIS STRATEGIES

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* reminder: this is just an example of three crisis strategies. You will need to replace with the three strategies selected for your specific case

*Variables lables:

Variable labels
Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets "Sold productive assets or means of transport (sewing machine, wheelbarrow, bicycle, car, etc.) "
Lcs_crisis_Health "Reduced expenses on health (including drugs)"
Lcs_crisis_OutSchool "Withdrew children from school".


*% of household who adopted one or more crisis coping strategies

DO IF Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets = 20 | Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets = 30 | Lcs_crisis_Health = 20 | Lcs_crisis_Health = 30 | Lcs_crisis_OutSchool =20 | Lcs_crisis_OutSchool =30.
*** Last Update: Oct 20265
*** Purpose: This script calculates the Livelihood Coping Strategies Index

COMPUTE crisis_coping_FS =1.
ELSE.
COMPUTE crisis_coping_FS =0.
END IF.
*** Data Quality Guidance References:
*** - Recommended high frequency checks: Page 31
*** - Recommended cleaning steps: Page 38

EXECUTE.
*** ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

*** Important note
*** This syntax file is only an example. When calculating the indicator, you will need to include the 10 strategies (4 stress, 3 crisis, 3 emergency) that were selected for your assessment.
*** Please find more guidance by searching for the indicator at the VAM Resource Center https://resources.vam.wfp.org

VARIABLE LABELS crisis_coping_FS "Did the HH engage in crisis coping strategies?" .


*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*

* EMERGENCY STRATEGIES:

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* reminder: this is just an example of three emergency strategies. You will need to replace with the three strategies selected for your specific case

*Variables lables:
*** Define group labels- these should match Survey Designer naming conventions

VARIABLE LABELS
Lcs_em_ResAsset "Mortaged/Sold house or land"
Lcs_em_Begged "Begged and/or scavenged (asked strangers for money/food/other goods)"
Lcs_em_IllegalAct "Had to engage in illegal income activities (theft, prostitution)" .

*% of household who adopted one or more emergency coping strategies
Lcs_stress_DomAsset "Household has sold domestic assets in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_stress_Utilities "Reduced or ceased payments on essential utilities and bills due to lack of food"
Lcs_stress_Saving "Household has spent savings in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_stress_BorrowCash "Household has borrowed money in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets "Household has sold productive assets in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_crisis_Health "Household has reduced spendning on essential health in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_crisis_OutSchool "Household has withdrawn children from school in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_em_ResAsset "Mortgaged/sold ​house that the household was permanently living in or sold land due to lack of food"
Lcs_em_Begged "Household has begged in the past 30 days to cover food needs"
Lcs_em_IllegalAct "Household has engaged in illegal act in the past 30 days to cover food needs".
EXECUTE.

DO IF Lcs_em_ResAsset = 20 | Lcs_em_ResAsset = 30 | Lcs_em_Begged = 20 | Lcs_em_Begged = 30 | Lcs_em_IllegalAct =20 | Lcs_em_IllegalAct =30.
VALUE LABELS
Lcs_stress_DomAsset Lcs_stress_Utilities Lcs_stress_Saving Lcs_stress_BorrowCash Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets Lcs_crisis_Health Lcs_crisis_OutSchool
Lcs_em_ResAsset Lcs_em_Begged Lcs_em_IllegalAct
10 "No, because we did not need to"
20 "No, because we already sold those assets or have engaged in this activity within the last 12 months and cannot continue"
30 "Yes"
9999 "Not applicable".
EXECUTE.

COMPUTE emergency_coping_FS =1.
ELSE.
COMPUTE emergency_coping_FS =0.
END IF.
*** Harmonize Data Quality Guidance measures
*** Check individual strategies. Check for missing values or non-standard values. Check for high usage of N/A. It is recommended to check this by enumerator. If this is the case, refer to the Data Quality Guidance

VARIABLE LABELS emergency_coping_FS 'Did the HH engage in emergency coping strategies?'.
FREQUENCIES Lcs_stress_DomAsset Lcs_stress_Utilities Lcs_stress_Saving Lcs_stress_BorrowCash Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets Lcs_crisis_Health
Lcs_crisis_OutSchool Lcs_em_ResAsset Lcs_em_Begged Lcs_em_IllegalAct.
Comment on lines +46 to +50
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Suggest to include in outlier detection and/or logical cleaning.


*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
*** Calculate LCSI
*** Reminder: this is an example of four stress, three crisis and three emergency strategies. You need to replace with the strategies selected for your assessment

* COPING behaviour
COMPUTE Stress_coping_FS = 0.
IF (Lcs_stress_DomAsset = 20 OR Lcs_stress_DomAsset = 30 OR Lcs_stress_Utilities = 20 OR Lcs_stress_Utilities = 30 OR Lcs_stress_Saving = 20 OR Lcs_stress_Saving = 30 OR Lcs_stress_BorrowCash = 20 OR Lcs_stress_BorrowCash = 30) Stress_coping_FS = 2.
EXECUTE.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
COMPUTE Crisis_coping_FS = 0.
IF (Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets = 20 OR Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets = 30 OR Lcs_crisis_Health = 20 OR Lcs_crisis_Health = 30 OR Lcs_crisis_OutSchool = 20 OR Lcs_crisis_OutSchool = 30) Crisis_coping_FS = 3.
EXECUTE.

* this variable counts the strategies with valid (i.e. non missing) values - normally it should be equal to 10 for all respondents.
COMPUTE temp_nonmiss_number=NVALID(Lcs_stress_DomAsset, Lcs_stress_Utilities , Lcs_stress_Saving , Lcs_stress_BorrowCash , Lcs_crisis_ProdAssets , Lcs_crisis_Health , Lcs_crisis_OutSchool , Lcs_em_ResAsset , Lcs_em_Begged , Lcs_em_IllegalAct).
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I believe missing value / completeness check is still needed.

COMPUTE Emergency_coping_FS = 0.
IF (Lcs_em_ResAsset = 20 OR Lcs_em_ResAsset = 30 OR Lcs_em_Begged = 20 OR Lcs_em_Begged = 30 OR Lcs_em_IllegalAct = 20 OR Lcs_em_IllegalAct = 30) Emergency_coping_FS = 4.
EXECUTE.
VARIABLE LABELS temp_nonmiss_number "Number of strategies with non missing values".


DO IF temp_nonmiss_number>0.
COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS=1.
END IF.
* the Max_coping_behaviourFS variable will be missing for an observation if answers to strategies are all missing.
** Add variable labels

DO IF stress_coping_FS=1.
COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS=2.
END IF.
VARIABLE LABELS Stress_coping_FS "Did the HH engage in stress coping strategies?".
VALUE LABELS Stress_coping_FS
0 'No'
2 'Yes'.

DO IF crisis_coping_FS=1 .
COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS=3.
END IF.
VARIABLE LABELS Crisis_coping_FS "Did the HH engage in crisis coping strategies?".
VALUE LABELS Crisis_coping_FS
0 'No'
3 'Yes'.

DO IF emergency_coping_FS=1.
COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS=4.
END IF.
EXECUTE.
VARIABLE LABELS Emergency_coping_FS "Did the HH engage in emergency coping strategies".
VALUE LABELS Emergency_coping_FS
0 'No'
4 'Yes'.
EXECUTE.

VALUE LABELS Max_coping_behaviourFS 1 'HH not adopting coping strategies' 2 'Stress coping strategies ' 3 'Crisis coping strategies ' 4 'Emergencies coping strategies'.
VARIABLE LABELS Max_coping_behaviourFS "Summary of asset depletion".
*** For CARI, we use the highest coping strategy applied by the HH. If no coping is used, recode to 1

COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS = 0.
COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS = MAX(Stress_coping_FS, Crisis_coping_FS, Emergency_coping_FS).
RECODE Max_coping_behaviourFS (0=1).
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I don't find this approach very intuitive, particularly having 0 as no, 4 as yes...
Could lead to some mistake by users.

VARIABLE LABELS Max_coping_behaviourFS "Which coping strategy was the highest applied by the household?".
VALUE LABELS Max_coping_behaviourFS
1 'Household did not apply coping strategies'
2 'Household applied stress coping strategies'
3 'Household applied crisis coping strategies'
4 'Household applied emergency coping strategies'.
EXECUTE.

FREQUENCIES VARIABLES = Stress_coping_FS Crisis_coping_FS Emergency_coping_FS Max_coping_behaviourFS.

*** Optional: Compute the same variable to be used directly for IPC analysis (referring to IPC phases)

DELETE VARIABLES temp_nonmiss_number.
COMPUTE Max_coping_behaviourFS_IPC = Max_coping_behaviourFS.
VARIABLE LABELS Max_coping_behaviourFS_IPC "Official IPC Classification for LCS".
VALUE LABELS Max_coping_behaviourFS_IPC
1 "LCSI [none] - IPC Phase 1"
2 "LCSI [stress] - IPC Phase 2"
3 "LCSI [crisis] - IPC Phase 3"
4 "LCSI [emergency] - IPC Phase 4-5".
Comment on lines +100 to +108
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Suggest to move to dedicated script for IPC analysis.

EXECUTE.

* tabulate results.
FREQUENCIES Max_coping_behaviourFS.
*** Check distribution of final categories

FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=Max_coping_behaviourFS_IPC
/ORDER=ANALYSIS.

*** ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*** END OF SCRIPT
*** ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------