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Expand scalar quantization with adding half-byte (int4) quantization (#…
…13197) This PR is a culmination of some various streams of work: - Confidence interval optimizations, unlocked even smaller quantization bytes. - The ability to quantize down smaller than just int8 or int7 - Adding an optimized int4 (halfbyte) vector API comparison for dot-product. The idea of further scalar quantization gives users the choice between: - Further quantizing to gain space through compressing the bits into single byte values - Or allowing quantization to give guarantees around maximal values that afford faster vector operations. I didn't add more panama vector APIs as I think trying to micro-optimize int4 for anything other than dot-product was a fools errand. Additionally, I only focused on ARM. I experimented with trying to get better performance on other architectures, but didn't get very far, so I fall back to dotProduct.
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...-codecs/src/test/org/apache/lucene/backward_index/TestInt8HnswBackwardsCompatibility.java
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/* | ||
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more | ||
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with | ||
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. | ||
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 | ||
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with | ||
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | ||
* | ||
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | ||
* | ||
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software | ||
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, | ||
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. | ||
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and | ||
* limitations under the License. | ||
*/ | ||
package org.apache.lucene.backward_index; | ||
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import static org.apache.lucene.backward_index.TestBasicBackwardsCompatibility.assertKNNSearch; | ||
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import com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.annotations.ParametersFactory; | ||
import java.io.IOException; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.codecs.Codec; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.codecs.KnnVectorsFormat; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene99.Lucene99Codec; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene99.Lucene99HnswScalarQuantizedVectorsFormat; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene99.Lucene99HnswVectorsFormat; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.document.FieldType; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.document.KnnFloatVectorField; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.document.StringField; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.index.NoMergePolicy; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.index.VectorSimilarityFunction; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.tests.analysis.MockAnalyzer; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestUtil; | ||
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version; | ||
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public class TestInt8HnswBackwardsCompatibility extends BackwardsCompatibilityTestBase { | ||
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static final String INDEX_NAME = "int8_hnsw"; | ||
static final String SUFFIX = ""; | ||
private static final Version FIRST_INT8_HNSW_VERSION = Version.LUCENE_9_10_1; | ||
private static final String KNN_VECTOR_FIELD = "knn_field"; | ||
private static final int DOC_COUNT = 30; | ||
private static final FieldType KNN_VECTOR_FIELD_TYPE = | ||
KnnFloatVectorField.createFieldType(3, VectorSimilarityFunction.COSINE); | ||
private static final float[] KNN_VECTOR = {0.2f, -0.1f, 0.1f}; | ||
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public TestInt8HnswBackwardsCompatibility(Version version, String pattern) { | ||
super(version, pattern); | ||
} | ||
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/** Provides all sorted versions to the test-framework */ | ||
@ParametersFactory(argumentFormatting = "Lucene-Version:%1$s; Pattern: %2$s") | ||
public static Iterable<Object[]> testVersionsFactory() throws IllegalAccessException { | ||
return allVersion(INDEX_NAME, SUFFIX); | ||
} | ||
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protected Codec getCodec() { | ||
return new Lucene99Codec() { | ||
@Override | ||
public KnnVectorsFormat getKnnVectorsFormatForField(String field) { | ||
return new Lucene99HnswScalarQuantizedVectorsFormat( | ||
Lucene99HnswVectorsFormat.DEFAULT_MAX_CONN, | ||
Lucene99HnswVectorsFormat.DEFAULT_BEAM_WIDTH); | ||
} | ||
}; | ||
} | ||
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@Override | ||
protected boolean supportsVersion(Version version) { | ||
return version.onOrAfter(FIRST_INT8_HNSW_VERSION); | ||
} | ||
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@Override | ||
void verifyUsesDefaultCodec(Directory dir, String name) throws IOException { | ||
// We don't use the default codec | ||
} | ||
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public void testInt8HnswIndexAndSearch() throws Exception { | ||
IndexWriterConfig indexWriterConfig = | ||
newIndexWriterConfig(new MockAnalyzer(random())) | ||
.setOpenMode(IndexWriterConfig.OpenMode.APPEND) | ||
.setCodec(getCodec()) | ||
.setMergePolicy(newLogMergePolicy()); | ||
try (IndexWriter writer = new IndexWriter(directory, indexWriterConfig)) { | ||
// add 10 docs | ||
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { | ||
writer.addDocument(knnDocument(i + DOC_COUNT)); | ||
if (random().nextBoolean()) { | ||
writer.flush(); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
if (random().nextBoolean()) { | ||
writer.forceMerge(1); | ||
} | ||
writer.commit(); | ||
try (IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory)) { | ||
IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader); | ||
assertKNNSearch(searcher, KNN_VECTOR, 1000, DOC_COUNT + 10, "0"); | ||
assertKNNSearch(searcher, KNN_VECTOR, 10, 10, "0"); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
// This will confirm the docs are really sorted | ||
TestUtil.checkIndex(directory); | ||
} | ||
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@Override | ||
protected void createIndex(Directory dir) throws IOException { | ||
IndexWriterConfig conf = | ||
new IndexWriterConfig(new MockAnalyzer(random())) | ||
.setMaxBufferedDocs(10) | ||
.setCodec(TestUtil.getDefaultCodec()) | ||
.setMergePolicy(NoMergePolicy.INSTANCE); | ||
try (IndexWriter writer = new IndexWriter(dir, conf)) { | ||
for (int i = 0; i < DOC_COUNT; i++) { | ||
writer.addDocument(knnDocument(i)); | ||
} | ||
writer.forceMerge(1); | ||
} | ||
try (DirectoryReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir)) { | ||
IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader); | ||
assertKNNSearch(searcher, KNN_VECTOR, 1000, DOC_COUNT, "0"); | ||
assertKNNSearch(searcher, KNN_VECTOR, 10, 10, "0"); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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private static Document knnDocument(int id) { | ||
Document doc = new Document(); | ||
float[] vector = {KNN_VECTOR[0], KNN_VECTOR[1], KNN_VECTOR[2] + 0.1f * id}; | ||
doc.add(new KnnFloatVectorField(KNN_VECTOR_FIELD, vector, KNN_VECTOR_FIELD_TYPE)); | ||
doc.add(new StringField("id", Integer.toString(id), Field.Store.YES)); | ||
return doc; | ||
} | ||
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public void testReadOldIndices() throws Exception { | ||
try (DirectoryReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory)) { | ||
IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader); | ||
assertKNNSearch(searcher, KNN_VECTOR, 1000, DOC_COUNT, "0"); | ||
assertKNNSearch(searcher, KNN_VECTOR, 10, 10, "0"); | ||
} | ||
} | ||
} |
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