go: use version 1.24

[neolynx]

Fixes #1438

Description of the Change

use go version 1.24

• development env: base on debian trixie with go1.24
• lint: run with default config
• fix lint errors
• fix unit tests
• fix system test

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 83.19328% with 60 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 75.02%. Comparing base (c05068c) to head (9a21717).
Report is 5 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
context/context.go	23.07%	9 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
deb/graph.go	36.36%	5 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
api/publish.go	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
deb/index_files.go	42.85%	4 Missing ⚠️
files/public.go	60.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
cmd/db_cleanup.go	57.14%	3 Missing ⚠️
files/package_pool.go	50.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
swift/public.go	66.66%	3 Missing ⚠️
task/list.go	40.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
api/api.go	90.47%	2 Missing ⚠️
... and 11 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #1439   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   75.02%   75.02%           
=======================================
  Files         157      157           
  Lines       18362    18385   +23     
=======================================
+ Hits        13776    13794   +18     
- Misses       3446     3451    +5     
  Partials     1140     1140           

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