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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/background/gui-vs-api.md
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Expand Up @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ What are the reasons, if any, for choosing one method over the other?
## The case for the {{gui}}

Ease of use is probably the main reason for choosing the {{gui}} over the OpenStack API.
Provided you have an [account in {{brand}}](../howto/getting-started/create-account.md), you can simply log in and then follow step-by-step guides to create entities such as [networks](../howto/openstack/neutron/new-network.md), [servers](../howto/openstack/nova/new-server.md), or even [Kubernetes clusters](../howto/openstack/magnum/new-k8s-cluster.md).
Provided you have an [account in {{brand}}](../howto/getting-started/create-account.md), you can simply log in and then follow step-by-step guides to create entities such as [networks](../howto/openstack/neutron/new-network.md) or [servers](../howto/openstack/nova/new-server.md).

You can just as easily perform administrative tasks like

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73 changes: 34 additions & 39 deletions docs/background/kubernetes/index.md
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@@ -1,59 +1,54 @@
# Kubernetes in Cleura Cloud

{{brand}} has two management facilities for Kubernetes clusters:
{{brand}} has a management facility for Kubernetes clusters, based on [{{k8s_management_service}}](../../howto/kubernetes/gardener/index.md).

* [{{brand_container_orchestration}}](../../howto/kubernetes/gardener/index.md),
* [OpenStack Magnum](../../howto/kubernetes/magnum/index.md).
{{k8s_management_service}} supports recent Kubernetes versions and offers you a great degree of "hands-off" management.

In most scenarios, {{k8s_management_service}} is the preferred option, since it supports more recent Kubernetes versions and offers you a greater degree of "hands-off" management.

For more details on the relative merits of both options, refer to the sections below.
For more details on the merits of {{k8s_management_service}}, refer to the sections below.

## General characteristics
| | {{k8s_management_service}} | Magnum |
| ------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- |
| Kubernetes Cloud Provider | OpenStack | OpenStack |
| Base operating system for nodes | Garden Linux | Fedora CoreOS |
| Latest installable Kubernetes minor release | 1.33 | 1.27 |
| | {{k8s_management_service}} |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| Kubernetes Cloud Provider | OpenStack |
| Base operating system for nodes | Garden Linux |
| Latest installable Kubernetes minor release | 1.33 |


## API and CLI support
| | {{k8s_management_service}} | Magnum |
| ------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- |
| Manageable via Cleura Cloud REST API | :material-check: | :material-check: |
| Manageable via OpenStack REST API | :material-close: | :material-check: |
| Manageable via OpenStack CLI | :material-close: | :material-check: |
| | {{k8s_management_service}} |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| Manageable via Cleura Cloud REST API | :material-check: |
| Manageable via OpenStack REST API | :material-close: |
| Manageable via OpenStack CLI | :material-close: |

## Updates and upgrades
| | {{k8s_management_service}} | Magnum |
| ------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- |
| Automatic update to new Kubernetes patch release | :material-check: | :material-close: |
| Rolling upgrade to new Kubernetes minor release | :material-check: | :material-check: |
| Automatic upgrade to new Kubernetes minor release | :material-close: | :material-close: |
| Rolling upgrade to new base operating system release | :material-check: | :material-check: |
| Automatic upgrade to new base operating system release | :material-check: | :material-close: |
| | {{k8s_management_service}} |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| Automatic update to new Kubernetes patch release | :material-check: |
| Rolling upgrade to new Kubernetes minor release | :material-check: |
| Automatic upgrade to new Kubernetes minor release | :material-check: |
| Rolling upgrade to new base operating system release | :material-check: |
| Automatic upgrade to new base operating system release | :material-check: |

## Functional features
| | {{k8s_management_service}} | Magnum |
| ------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- |
| Built-in private registry for container images | :material-close: | :material-check: |
| [Hibernation](gardener/hibernation.md) | :material-check: | :material-close: |
| Manual vertical scaling (bigger/smaller worker nodes) | :material-check:[^vertical-scaling] | :material-check: |
| Vertical autoscaling | :material-close: | :material-close: |
| Manual horizontal scaling (more/fewer worker nodes) | :material-check: | :material-check: |
| Horizontal [autoscaling](gardener/autoscaling.md) | :material-check: | :material-check:[^cluster-autoscaler] |
| Kubernetes dashboard | :material-check:[^dashboard] | :material-check: |
| | {{k8s_management_service}} |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| Built-in private registry for container images | :material-close: |
| [Hibernation](gardener/hibernation.md) | :material-check: |
| Manual vertical scaling (bigger/smaller worker nodes) | :material-check:[^vertical-scaling] |
| Vertical autoscaling | :material-close: |
| Manual horizontal scaling (more/fewer worker nodes) | :material-check: |
| Horizontal [autoscaling](gardener/autoscaling.md) | :material-check: |
| Kubernetes dashboard | :material-check:[^dashboard] |

[^vertical-scaling]: Vertical scaling is only supported via defining additional worker node groups.

[^cluster-autoscaler]: You must deploy [Magnum Cluster Autoscaler](https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/blob/master/cluster-autoscaler/cloudprovider/magnum/README.md) to use horizontal autoscaling.

[^dashboard]: You must separately [deploy](https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/#install) the Kubernetes Dashboard.

## Charges and billing
| | {{k8s_management_service}} | Magnum |
| ------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- |
| Monthly subscription fee | :material-check: | :material-close: |
| {{brand}} charges for Kubernetes control plane nodes | :material-close: | :material-check: |
| {{brand}} charges for Kubernetes worker nodes | :material-check: | :material-check: |
| | {{k8s_management_service}} |
| ------------- | ---------------- |
| Monthly subscription fee | :material-check: |
| {{brand}} charges for Kubernetes control plane nodes | :material-close: |
| {{brand}} charges for Kubernetes worker nodes | :material-check: |

2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/howto/kubernetes/gardener/kubectl.md
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Expand Up @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ shoot--pqrxyz--myshoot-cwncz1-z1-7656c-nvgmc Ready <none> 23h v1.30.5
shoot--pqrxyz--myshoot-cwncz1-z1-7656c-rrkmz Ready <none> 23h v1.30.5
```

> Please note that in contrast to an [OpenStack Magnum-managed Kubernetes cluster](../../openstack/magnum/new-k8s-cluster.md), where the output of `kubectl get nodes` includes control plane *and* worker nodes, in a {{k8s_management_service}} cluster the same command *only* lists the worker nodes.
> Please note that in contrast to other Kubernetes platforms, where the output of `kubectl get nodes` includes control plane *and* worker nodes, in a {{k8s_management_service}} cluster the same command *only* lists the worker nodes.

## Deploying an application

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7 changes: 3 additions & 4 deletions docs/howto/kubernetes/index.md
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@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
# Kubernetes in Cleura Cloud

In {{brand}}, you have several options for deploying and managing Kubernetes clusters.
In {{brand}}, you have the option for deploying and managing Kubernetes clusters.

[{{gui}}](https://{{gui_domain}}) includes management interfaces for [{{k8s_management_service}}](gardener/index.md) and [OpenStack Magnum](magnum/index.md).
To manage Magnum clusters, you can also use the [OpenStack command-line interface](../getting-started/enable-openstack-cli.md).
More specifically, the [{{gui}}](https://{{gui_domain}}) includes a management interface for [{{k8s_management_service}}](gardener/index.md).

To assess which facility is more suitable for your specific deployment scenario and use case, refer to [this summary](../../background/kubernetes/index.md).
Please refer to [this summary](../../background/kubernetes/index.md) for an overview of {{k8s_management_service}}'s characteristics and features.
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1 change: 0 additions & 1 deletion docs/howto/openstack/.pages
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Expand Up @@ -7,6 +7,5 @@ nav:
- octavia
- cinder
- glance
- magnum
- keystone
- barbican
2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions docs/howto/openstack/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ Thus, most {{brand}} components correspond to OpenStack services:
* [Load balancing (Octavia)](octavia/index.md) is for managing load balancers supporting the TCP and HTTP(S) protocols.
* [Block storage (Cinder)](cinder/index.md) provides persistent block storage for virtual servers.
* [Image management (Glance)](glance/index.md) provides ready-to-launch, preconfigured operating system images for virtual servers.
* [Kubernetes management (Magnum)](magnum/index.md) enables you to launch and manage Kubernetes clusters.
This is one of two ways you can manage Kubernetes clusters in {{brand}}; the other is [Gardener](../kubernetes/gardener/index.md).
* [Identity (Keystone)](keystone/index.md) is for managing credentials and authentication.
* [Secret storage (Barbican)](barbican/index.md) provides key and secret management.

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion docs/howto/openstack/keystone/app-creds.md
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Expand Up @@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ No matter how you choose to list or view application credentials, secrets are ne

By default, application credentials are created as being *restricted*.
That is why, in the `openstack application credential show` output above, the `unrestricted` parameter is set to `False`.
You cannot use restricted application credentials for Heat or Magnum, or for managing other application credentials or [trusts](https://docs.openstack.org/keystone/latest/user/trusts.html).
You cannot use restricted application credentials for Heat, or for managing other application credentials or [trusts](https://docs.openstack.org/keystone/latest/user/trusts.html).
This restricted-by-default policy acts as a safeguard, so compromised application credentials cannot be used for creating other sets of application credentials.
If your application **has** to be able to perform such actions, and you accept the risks involved, you may create *unrestricted* application credentials like this:

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