feat(api-gateway): Introduce cache mode option for /cubesql API

[KSDaemon]

Check List

• Tests have been run in packages where changes made if available
• Linter has been run for changed code
• Tests for the changes have been added if not covered yet
• Docs have been added / updated if required

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 41.79104% with 39 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 77.11%. Comparing base (6034850) to head (ce8ba66).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
packages/cubejs-api-gateway/src/gateway.ts	31.57%	9 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
rust/cubesql/cubesql/src/compile/engine/df/scan.rs	20.00%	8 Missing ⚠️
rust/cubesql/cubesql/src/transport/service.rs	37.50%	5 Missing ⚠️
...t/cubesql/cubeclient/src/models/v1_load_request.rs	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
...-query-orchestrator/src/orchestrator/QueryCache.ts	25.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
packages/cubejs-api-gateway/src/graphql.ts	33.33%	0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
...y-orchestrator/src/orchestrator/PreAggregations.ts	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
packages/cubejs-api-gateway/src/sql-server.ts	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
...ges/cubejs-server-core/src/core/OrchestratorApi.ts	80.00%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #9972      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   83.24%   77.11%   -6.13%     
==========================================
  Files         244      440     +196     
  Lines       73483    89352   +15869     
  Branches        0     3108    +3108     
==========================================
+ Hits        61172    68908    +7736     
- Misses      12311    20049    +7738     
- Partials        0      395     +395     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cube-backend	48.75% <40.54%> (?)
cubesql	83.23% <43.33%> (-0.02%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.

[igorlukanin]

@KSDaemon Should we document what each option is supposed to do in the code? I feel like it might get lost in Jira/docs at some point 😄

[KSDaemon]

Well, why not...