fix(node): Set the correct fallback URL fields for outgoing https requests if they are not defined

[lforst]

#15233 introduced a change where we are actually using the return value of the vendored getRequestInfo() function to pass along to the original node:http(s) API calls.

We missed that OTEL does backfilling of certain fields (protocol and port) for HTTPS requests which we also need to do if we are actually passing along getRequestInfo(). It seems like node's default behavior when not providing a protocol/port as options object and using the https module is just to assume https: and 443.

[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

Path	Size	% Change	Change
@sentry/browser	22.9 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser - with treeshaking flags	22.77 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing)	35.77 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay)	72.58 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - with treeshaking flags	66.13 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay with Canvas)	76.82 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback)	89.56 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Feedback)	39.84 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. sendFeedback)	27.53 KB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. FeedbackAsync)	32.31 KB	-	-
@sentry/react	24.73 KB	-	-
@sentry/react (incl. Tracing)	37.67 KB	-	-
@sentry/vue	27.09 KB	-	-
@sentry/vue (incl. Tracing)	37.47 KB	-	-
@sentry/svelte	22.94 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle	24.2 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing)	35.92 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay)	70.56 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback)	75.7 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle - uncompressed	70.76 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing) - uncompressed	106.64 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay) - uncompressed	217.49 KB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback) - uncompressed	230.06 KB	-	-
@sentry/nextjs (client)	38.63 KB	-	-
@sentry/sveltekit (client)	36.2 KB	-	-
@sentry/node	156.58 KB	+0.05%	+72 B 🔺
@sentry/node - without tracing	97.58 KB	+0.07%	+61 B 🔺
@sentry/aws-serverless	107.07 KB	+0.07%	+74 B 🔺

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[mydea]

amazing catch! Would be great to have a test that shows this, but we can look at this later too...