Merge from master

rna-transcription/.exercism/config.json

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+{
+  "authors": [
+    "BrianHicks"
+  ],
+  "contributors": [
+    "behrtam",
+    "cmccandless",
+    "davepeake",
+    "Dog",
+    "dvermd",
+    "hariesramdhani",
+    "ikhadykin",
+    "jamesmcm",
+    "kytrinyx",
+    "lowks",
+    "magnus-hogberg",
+    "N-Parsons",
+    "pheanex",
+    "sjakobi",
+    "thomasjpfan",
+    "tqa236",
+    "yawpitch"
+  ],
+  "files": {
+    "solution": [
+      "rna_transcription.py"
+    ],
+    "test": [
+      "rna_transcription_test.py"
+    ],
+    "example": [
+      ".meta/example.py"
+    ]
+  },
+  "blurb": "Given a DNA strand, return its RNA complement.",
+  "source": "Hyperphysics",
+  "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220408112140/http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/transcription.html"
+}

rna-transcription/.exercism/metadata.json

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+{"track":"python","exercise":"rna-transcription","id":"38e6f429fbc54f2186995e3f9a7488b0","url":"https://exercism.org/tracks/python/exercises/rna-transcription","handle":"myFirstCode","is_requester":true,"auto_approve":false}

rna-transcription/HELP.md

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+# Help
+
+## Running the tests
+
+We use [pytest][pytest: Getting Started Guide] as our website test runner.
+You will need to install `pytest` on your development machine if you want to run tests for the Python track locally.
+You should also install the following `pytest` plugins:
+
+- [pytest-cache][pytest-cache]
+- [pytest-subtests][pytest-subtests]
+
+Extended information can be found in our website [Python testing guide][Python track tests page].
+
+
+### Running Tests
+
+To run the included tests, navigate to the folder where the exercise is stored using `cd` in your terminal (_replace `{exercise-folder-location}` below with your path_).
+Test files usually end in `_test.py`, and are the same tests that run on the website when a solution is uploaded.
+
+Linux/MacOS
+```bash
+$ cd {path/to/exercise-folder-location}
+```
+
+Windows
+```powershell
+PS C:\Users\foobar> cd {path\to\exercise-folder-location}
+```
+
+<br>
+
+Next, run the `pytest` command in your terminal, replacing `{exercise_test.py}` with the name of the test file:
+
+Linux/MacOS
+```bash
+$ python3 -m pytest -o markers=task {exercise_test.py}
+==================== 7 passed in 0.08s ====================
+```
+
+Windows
+```powershell
+PS C:\Users\foobar> py -m pytest -o markers=task {exercise_test.py}
+==================== 7 passed in 0.08s ====================
+```
+
+
+### Common options
+- `-o` : override default `pytest.ini` (_you can use this to avoid marker warnings_)
+- `-v` : enable verbose output.
+- `-x` : stop running tests on first failure.
+- `--ff` : run failures from previous test before running other test cases.
+
+For additional options, use `python3 -m pytest -h` or `py -m pytest -h`.
+
+
+### Fixing warnings
+
+If you do not use `pytest -o markers=task` when invoking `pytest`, you might receive a `PytestUnknownMarkWarning` for tests that use our new syntax:
+
+```bash
+PytestUnknownMarkWarning: Unknown pytest.mark.task - is this a typo?  You can register custom marks to avoid this warning - for details, see https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/mark.html
+```
+
+To avoid typing `pytest -o markers=task` for every test you run, you can use a `pytest.ini` configuration file.
+We have made one that can be downloaded from the top level of the Python track directory: [pytest.ini][pytest.ini].
+
+You can also create your own `pytest.ini` file with the following content:
+
+```ini
+[pytest]
+markers =
+    task: A concept exercise task.
+```
+
+Placing the `pytest.ini` file in the _root_ or _working_ directory for your Python track exercises will register the marks and stop the warnings.
+More information on pytest marks can be found in the `pytest` documentation on [marking test functions][pytest: marking test functions with attributes] and the `pytest` documentation on [working with custom markers][pytest: working with custom markers].
+
+Information on customizing pytest configurations can be found in the `pytest` documentation on [configuration file formats][pytest: configuration file formats].
+
+
+### Extending your IDE or Code Editor
+
+Many IDEs and code editors have built-in support for using `pytest` and other code quality tools.
+Some community-sourced options can be found on our [Python track tools page][Python track tools page].
+
+[Pytest: Getting Started Guide]: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/getting-started.html
+[Python track tools page]: https://exercism.org/docs/tracks/python/tools
+[Python track tests page]: https://exercism.org/docs/tracks/python/tests
+[pytest-cache]:http://pythonhosted.org/pytest-cache/
+[pytest-subtests]:https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-subtests
+[pytest.ini]: https://github.com/exercism/python/blob/main/pytest.ini
+[pytest: configuration file formats]: https://docs.pytest.org/en/6.2.x/customize.html#configuration-file-formats
+[pytest: marking test functions with attributes]: https://docs.pytest.org/en/6.2.x/mark.html#raising-errors-on-unknown-marks
+[pytest: working with custom markers]: https://docs.pytest.org/en/6.2.x/example/markers.html#working-with-custom-markers
+
+## Submitting your solution
+
+You can submit your solution using the `exercism submit rna_transcription.py` command.
+This command will upload your solution to the Exercism website and print the solution page's URL.
+
+It's possible to submit an incomplete solution which allows you to:
+
+- See how others have completed the exercise
+- Request help from a mentor
+
+## Need to get help?
+
+If you'd like help solving the exercise, check the following pages:
+
+- The [Python track's documentation](https://exercism.org/docs/tracks/python)
+- The [Python track's programming category on the forum](https://forum.exercism.org/c/programming/python)
+- [Exercism's programming category on the forum](https://forum.exercism.org/c/programming/5)
+- The [Frequently Asked Questions](https://exercism.org/docs/using/faqs)
+
+Should those resources not suffice, you could submit your (incomplete) solution to request mentoring.
+
+Below are some resources for getting help if you run into trouble:
+
+- [The PSF](https://www.python.org) hosts Python downloads, documentation, and community resources.
+- [The Exercism Community on Discord](https://exercism.org/r/discord)
+- [Python Community on Discord](https://pythondiscord.com/) is a very helpful and active community.
+- [/r/learnpython/](https://www.reddit.com/r/learnpython/) is a subreddit designed for Python learners.
+- [#python on Libera.chat](https://www.python.org/community/irc/) this is where the core developers for the language hang out and get work done.
+- [Python Community Forums](https://discuss.python.org/)
+- [Free Code Camp Community Forums](https://forum.freecodecamp.org/)
+- [CodeNewbie Community Help Tag](https://community.codenewbie.org/t/help)
+- [Pythontutor](http://pythontutor.com/) for stepping through small code snippets visually.
+
+Additionally, [StackOverflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python) is a good spot to search for your problem/question to see if it has been answered already.
+ If not - you can always [ask](https://stackoverflow.com/help/how-to-ask) or [answer](https://stackoverflow.com/help/how-to-answer) someone else's question.

rna-transcription/README.md

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+# RNA Transcription
+
+Welcome to RNA Transcription on Exercism's Python Track.
+If you need help running the tests or submitting your code, check out `HELP.md`.
+
+## Introduction
+
+You work for a bioengineering company that specializes in developing therapeutic solutions.
+
+Your team has just been given a new project to develop a targeted therapy for a rare type of cancer.
+
+~~~~exercism/note
+It's all very complicated, but the basic idea is that sometimes people's bodies produce too much of a given protein.
+That can cause all sorts of havoc.
+
+But if you can create a very specific molecule (called a micro-RNA), it can prevent the protein from being produced.
+
+This technique is called [RNA Interference][rnai].
+
+[rnai]: https://admin.acceleratingscience.com/ask-a-scientist/what-is-rnai/
+~~~~
+
+## Instructions
+
+Your task is to determine the RNA complement of a given DNA sequence.
+
+Both DNA and RNA strands are a sequence of nucleotides.
+
+The four nucleotides found in DNA are adenine (**A**), cytosine (**C**), guanine (**G**), and thymine (**T**).
+
+The four nucleotides found in RNA are adenine (**A**), cytosine (**C**), guanine (**G**), and uracil (**U**).
+
+Given a DNA strand, its transcribed RNA strand is formed by replacing each nucleotide with its complement:
+
+- `G` -> `C`
+- `C` -> `G`
+- `T` -> `A`
+- `A` -> `U`
+
+~~~~exercism/note
+If you want to look at how the inputs and outputs are structured, take a look at the examples in the test suite.
+~~~~
+
+## Source
+
+### Created by
+
+- @BrianHicks
+
+### Contributed to by
+
+- @behrtam
+- @cmccandless
+- @davepeake
+- @Dog
+- @dvermd
+- @hariesramdhani
+- @ikhadykin
+- @jamesmcm
+- @kytrinyx
+- @lowks
+- @magnus-hogberg
+- @N-Parsons
+- @pheanex
+- @sjakobi
+- @thomasjpfan
+- @tqa236
+- @yawpitch
+
+### Based on
+
+Hyperphysics - https://web.archive.org/web/20220408112140/http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/transcription.html

rna-transcription/rna_transcription.py

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+"""Your task is to determine the RNA complement of a given DNA sequence."""
+
+DNA = {
+    "G": "C",
+    "C": "G",
+    "T": "A",
+    "A": "U",
+}
+
+
+def to_rna(dna_strand: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Determine the RNA complement for a DNA strand.
+
+    :param dna_strand: DNA sequence containing only
+           'G', 'C', 'T', or 'A' (case-insensitive).
+    :return: RNA complement string using 'C', 'G', 'A',
+             and 'U' (uppercase).
+    :raises KeyError: If dna_strand contains any character
+                      other than 'G', 'C', 'T', or 'A'.
+    """
+
+    return "".join(DNA[char] for char in dna_strand.upper())

rna-transcription/rna_transcription_test.py

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+# pylint: disable=C0301, C0114, C0115, C0116, R0904
+# These tests are auto-generated with test data from:
+# https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/tree/main/exercises/rna-transcription/canonical-data.json
+# File last updated on 2023-07-19
+
+import unittest
+
+from rna_transcription import (
+    to_rna,
+)
+
+
+class RnaTranscriptionTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_empty_rna_sequence(self):
+        self.assertEqual(to_rna(""), "")
+
+    def test_rna_complement_of_cytosine_is_guanine(self):
+        self.assertEqual(to_rna("C"), "G")
+
+    def test_rna_complement_of_guanine_is_cytosine(self):
+        self.assertEqual(to_rna("G"), "C")
+
+    def test_rna_complement_of_thymine_is_adenine(self):
+        self.assertEqual(to_rna("T"), "A")
+
+    def test_rna_complement_of_adenine_is_uracil(self):
+        self.assertEqual(to_rna("A"), "U")
+
+    def test_rna_complement(self):
+        self.assertEqual(to_rna("ACGTGGTCTTAA"), "UGCACCAGAAUU")

solutions/python/rna-transcription/1/rna_transcription.py

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+"""Your task is to determine the RNA complement of a given DNA sequence."""
+
+DNA = {
+    "G": "C",
+    "C": "G",
+    "T": "A",
+    "A": "U",
+}
+
+
+def to_rna(dna_strand: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Determine the RNA complement for a DNA strand.
+
+    :param dna_strand: DNA sequence containing only
+           'G', 'C', 'T', or 'A' (case-insensitive).
+    :return: RNA complement string using 'C', 'G', 'A',
+             and 'U' (uppercase).
+    :raises KeyError: If dna_strand contains any character
+                      other than 'G', 'C', 'T', or 'A'.
+    """
+
+    return "".join(DNA[char] for char in dna_strand.upper())