Add search 2D matrix algorithm

algorithms/search/search_2D_matrix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""
+Given an m x n matrix where each row is sorted in ascending order, 
+and the first element of each row is greater than the last element of the previous row, 
+search for a target value efficiently.
+
+For Example:
+Input: matrix = [
+                [1, 3, 5, 7],
+                [10, 11, 16, 20],
+                [23, 30, 34, 60]
+                ], 
+                target = 3
+Output: True
+"""
+from typing import List
+def searchMatrix(matrix, target):
+# Edge case: if matrix is empty or has no columns
+    if not matrix or not matrix[0]:
+        return False
+
+    m = len(matrix)       # Number of rows
+    n = len(matrix[0])    # Number of columns
+
+    left = 0
+    right = m * n - 1     # Treat matrix as a flattened array of size m * n
+
+    # Binary search over the flattened 1D view
+    while left <= right:
+        mid = (left + right) // 2
+
+        # Map mid index to matrix coordinates
+        row = mid // n
+        col = mid % n
+        current_element = matrix[row][col]
+
+        if current_element == target:
+            return True  # Target found
+        elif current_element < target:
+            left = mid + 1  # Move right
+        else:
+            right = mid - 1  # Move left
+
+    return False  # Target not found