pytopia · sfarajnia · Jul 25, 2021 · Jul 25, 2021 · Jul 25, 2021 · Dec 4, 2021
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+# How to Contribute to CS-Tutorial
+
+## Working on a new feature or fixing a bug
+
+If you would like to add a new feature or fix an existing bug, we prefer that you open a new issue on the CS-Tutorial repository before creating a pull request.
+
+It’s important to note that when opening an issue, you should first do a quick search of existing issues to make sure your suggestion hasn’t already been added as an issue.
+
+**To open a Github issue, go to the CS-Tutorial repository, select “Issues”, “New Issue” then “Feature Request” or “Bug Report” and fill out the template.**
+
+The CS-Tutorial team will then get in touch with you to discuss if the proposed feature aligns with the roadmap, and we will guide you along the way in shaping the proposed feature so that it could be merged to the CS-Tutorial codebase.
+
+## What is a Pull Request (PR)?
+
+This is how the GitHub team defines a PR:
+
+> “Pull requests let you tell others about changes you’ve pushed to a branch in a repository on GitHub. Once a pull request is opened, you can discuss and review the potential changes with collaborators and add follow-up commits before your changes are merged into the base branch.”
+
+This process is used by both CS-Tutorial team members and CS-Tutorial contributors to make changes and improvements to CS-Tutorial.
+
+## What to know before opening a PR
+
+### Draft PRs
+
+If you're ready to get some quick initial feedback from the CS-Tutorial team, you can create a draft pull request.
+
+### PRs should be a reasonable length
+
+If your PR is greater than 500 lines, please consider splitting it into multiple smaller contributions.
+
+
+## How to open a PR and contribute code to CS-Tutorial Open Source
+
+### 1. Forking the CS-Tutorial Repository
+
+Head to CS-Tutorial repository and click ‘Fork’. Forking a repository creates you a copy of the project which you can edit and use to propose changes to the original project.
+
+Once you fork it, a copy of the CS-Tutorial repository will appear inside your GitHub repository list.
+
+### 2. Cloning the Forked Repository Locally
+
+To make changes to your copy of the CS-Tutorial repository, clone the repository on your local machine. To do that, run the following command in your terminal:
+
+```
+git clone https://github.com/hejazizo/CS-Tutorial.git
+```
+
+The link to the repository can be found after clicking Clone or download button as shown in the image below:
+
+Note: this assumes you have git installed on your local machine. If not, check out the [following guide](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Installing-Git) to learn how to install it.
+
+### 3. Update your Forked Repository
+
+Before you make any changes to your cloned repository, make sure you have the latest version of the original https://github.com/hejazizo/CS-Tutorial.git repository. To do that, run the following commands in your terminal:
+
+```
+cd CS-Tutorial
+git remote add upstream https://github.com/hejazizo/CS-Tutorial.git
+git pull upstream main
+```
+
+This will update the local copy of the CS-Tutorial repository to the latest version.
+
+### 4. Implement your code contribution
+
+At this point, you are good to make changes to the files in the local directory of your project.
+
+Alternatively, you can create a new branch which will contain the implementation of your contribution. To do that, run:
+
+```
+git checkout -b name-of-your-new-branch
+```
+
+### 5. Push changes to your forked repository on GitHub
+
+Once you are happy with the changes you made in the local files, push them to the forked repository on GitHub. To do that, run the following commands:
+
+```
+git add .
+git commit -m ‘fixed a bug’
+git push origin name-of-your-new-branch
+```
+
+This will create a new branch on your forked CS-Tutorial repository, and now you’re ready to create a Pull Request with your proposed changes!
+
+### 6. Opening the Pull Request on CS-Tutorial
+
+Head to the forked repository and click on a _Compare & pull_ request button.
+
+This will open a window where you can choose the repository and branch you would like to propose your changes to, as well as specific details of your contribution. In the top panel menu choose the following details:
+
+- Base repository: `hejazizo/cs-tutorial`
+- Base branch: `main`
+- Head repository: `your-github-username/cs-tutorial`
+- Head branch: `name-of-your-new-branch`
+
+Once you are happy with everything, click the _Create pull request_ button. This will create a Pull Request with your proposed changes.
+
+### 8. Merging your PR and the final steps of your contribution
+
+Once you open a PR, a member from the CS-Tutorial team will get in touch with you with the feedback on your contribution. In some cases, contributions are accepted right away, but often, you may be asked to make some edits/improvements. Don’t worry if you are asked to change something - it’s a completely normal part of software development.
+
+If you have been requested to make changes to your contribution, head back to the local copy of your repository on your machine, implement the changes and push them to your contribution branch by repeating instructions from step 5. Your pull request will automatically be updated with the changes you pushed. Once you've implemented all of the suggested changes, tag the person who first reviewed your contribution by mentioning them in the comments of your PR to ask them to take another look.
+Finally, if your contribution is accepted, the CS-Tutorial team member will merge it to the CS-Tutorial codebase.
+
+### 10. Non-code contributions
+
+Contributing doesn’t start and end with code. You can support the project by planning community events, creating tutorials, helping fellow community members find answers to their questions or translating documentation and news. Every contribution matters!
diff --git a/python/01. Basics/00 Introduction.ipynb → Python/01. Basics/01 Introduction.ipynb b/python/01. Basics/00 Introduction.ipynb → Python/01. Basics/01 Introduction.ipynb
@@ -4,14 +4,42 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "# Introduction\n",
+    "<img src=\"../../images/banners/python-basics.png\" width=\"600\"/>"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# <img src=\"../../images/logos/python.png\" width=\"23\"/> Introduction \n",
     "\n",
     "- Python was created in 1990 by [Guido van Rossum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido_van_Rossum).\n",
     "- Python 3 released in 2008.\n",
     "- Specifically designed as an easy to use language.\n",
     "- High focus on readability of code."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"table_of_contents\"></a>\n",
+    "## Table of Contents\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "* [Why Choose Python](#why_choose_python)\n",
+    "    * [Python is Popular](#python_is_popular)\n",
+    "    * [Python is Interpreted](#python_is_interpreted)\n",
+    "    * [Python is Free](#python_is_free)\n",
+    "    * [Python is Portable](#python_is_portable)\n",
+    "    * [Python is Simple](#python_is_simple)\n",
+    "    * [But It’s Not That Simple](#but_it’s_not_that_simple)\n",
+    "* [What can you do with python?](#what_can_you_do_with_python?)\n",
+    "* [<img src=\"../../images/logos/checkmark.png\" width=\"20\"/> Conclusion](#conclusion)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "---"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
@@ -44,7 +72,8 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Why Choose Python\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"why_choose_python\"></a>\n",
+    "## Why Choose Python [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
     "\n",
     "If you’re going to write programs, there are literally dozens of commonly used languages to choose from. Why choose Python? Here are some of the features that make Python an appealing choice."
    ]
@@ -53,7 +82,9 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "### Python is Popular\n",
+    "# <a class=\"anchor\" id=\"python_is_popular\"></a>\n",
+    "### Python is Popular [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "Python has been growing in popularity over the last few years. The [2018 Stack Overflow Developer Survey](https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2018) ranked Python as the 7th most popular and the number one most wanted technology of the year. [World-class software development companies around the globe use Python every single day](https://realpython.com/world-class-companies-using-python/).\n",
     "\n",
     "According to [research by Dice](https://insights.dice.com/2016/02/01/whats-hot-and-not-in-tech-skills/) Python is also one of the hottest skills to have and the most popular programming language in the world based on the [Popularity of Programming Language Index](https://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html).\n",
@@ -65,7 +96,9 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "### Python is Interpreted\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"python_is_interpreted\"></a>\n",
+    "### Python is Interpreted [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "Many languages are compiled, meaning the source code you create needs to be translated into machine code, the language of your computer’s processor, before it can be run. Programs written in an interpreted language are passed straight to an interpreter that runs them directly.\n",
     "\n",
     "This makes for a quicker development cycle because you just type in your code and run it, without the intermediate compilation step.\n",
@@ -86,7 +119,9 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "### Python is Free\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"python_is_free\"></a>\n",
+    "### Python is Free [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "The Python interpreter is developed under an OSI-approved open-source license, making it free to install, use, and distribute, even for commercial purposes.\n",
     "\n",
     "A version of the interpreter is available for virtually any platform there is, including all flavors of Unix, Windows, macOS, smartphones and tablets, and probably anything else you ever heard of. A version even exists for the half dozen people remaining who use OS/2."
@@ -96,15 +131,19 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "### Python is Portable\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"python_is_portable\"></a>\n",
+    "### Python is Portable [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "Because Python code is interpreted and not compiled into native machine instructions, code written for one platform will work on any other platform that has the Python interpreter installed. (This is true of any interpreted language, not just Python.)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "### Python is Simple\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"python_is_simple\"></a>\n",
+    "### Python is Simple [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "As programming languages go, Python is relatively uncluttered, and the developers have deliberately kept it that way.\n",
     "\n",
     "A rough estimate of the complexity of a language can be gleaned from the number of keywords or reserved words in the language. These are words that are reserved for special meaning by the compiler or interpreter because they designate specific built-in functionality of the language.\n",
@@ -118,7 +157,9 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "### But It’s Not That Simple\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"but_it’s_not_that_simple\"></a>\n",
+    "### But It’s Not That Simple [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "For all its syntactical simplicity, Python supports most constructs that would be expected in a very high-level language, including complex dynamic data types, structured and functional programming, and [object-oriented programming](https://realpython.com/python3-object-oriented-programming/).\n",
     "\n",
     "Additionally, a very extensive library of classes and functions is available that provides capability well beyond what is built into the language, such as database manipulation or GUI programming.\n",
@@ -130,7 +171,9 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## What can you do with python?\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"what_can_you_do_with_python?\"></a>\n",
+    "## What can you do with python? [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "- Automate Simple tasks.\n",
     "    * Searching for file and editing them.\n",
     "    * Scraping information from a website.\n",
@@ -152,13 +195,22 @@
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "## Conclusion\n",
+    "<a class=\"anchor\" id=\"conclusion\"></a>\n",
+    "## <img src=\"../../images/logos/checkmark.png\" width=\"20\"/> Conclusion [<img src=\"../../images/logos/back_to_top.png\" width=\"22\" align= \"center\"/>](#table_of_contents)\n",
+    "\n",
     "This section gave an overview of the Python programming language, including:\n",
     "\n",
     "A brief history of the development of Python\n",
     "Some reasons why you might select Python as your language of choice\n",
     "Python is a great option, whether you are a beginning programmer looking to learn the basics, an experienced programmer designing a large application, or anywhere in between. The basics of Python are easily grasped, and yet its capabilities are vast."
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
@@ -177,7 +229,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.7.10"
+   "version": "3.7.6"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,