feat(ci): use caching

[thomasqueirozb]

Summary

Vector configuration

How did you test this PR?

Change Type

• Bug fix
• New feature
• Non-functional (chore, refactoring, docs)
• Performance

Is this a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Does this PR include user facing changes?

• Yes. Please add a changelog fragment based on our guidelines.
• No. A maintainer will apply the no-changelog label to this PR.

References

Notes

• Please read our Vector contributor resources.
• Do not hesitate to use @vectordotdev/vector to reach out to us regarding this PR.
• Some CI checks run only after we manually approve them.
  • We recommend adding a pre-push hook, please see this template.
  • Alternatively, we recommend running the following locally before pushing to the remote branch:
    • cargo fmt --all
    • cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets -- -D warnings
    • cargo nextest run --workspace (alternatively, you can run cargo test --all)
• After a review is requested, please avoid force pushes to help us review incrementally.
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  • For example, you can run git merge origin master and git push.
• If this PR introduces changes Vector dependencies (modifies Cargo.lock), please
  run cargo vdev build licenses to regenerate the license inventory and commit the changes (if any). More details here.

[datadog-vectordotdev]

Datadog Report

Branch report: ci-cache
Commit report: 9b596f3
Test service: vector

✅ 0 Failed, 7 Passed, 0 Skipped, 18.91s Total Time

[pront]

/ci-run-all

[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR introduces caching for the CI environment setup to speed up job execution and reduce redundant tool installations.

• Updated prepare.sh to install cargo-deb v2.0.2.
• Added a wrapper workflow (.github/workflows/cache.yml) that calls a composite cache action.
• Integrated the cache action into the int_tests and e2e_tests jobs in changes.yml.

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

File	Description
scripts/environment/prepare.sh	Bumped cargo-deb install version from 2.0.0 to 2.0.2
.github/workflows/changes.yml	Added ensure-cache job and injected cache steps into tests
.github/workflows/cache.yml	New wrapper workflow to invoke the cache action
.github/actions/cache/action.yml	Composite action to pull, check, and bootstrap cached tools

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

.github/actions/cache/action.yml:41

• Using a magic dummy path (/tmp/i-do-not-exist) for cache existence checks can be confusing. Consider replacing it with a clearly named temporary directory or adding a comment to explain its purpose, improving readability and maintainability.

          ~/.rustup

.github/workflows/cache.yml:7

• [nitpick] The on.push.paths trigger covers changes to prepare.sh and the cache action, but not the workflow definition itself. Consider adding '.github/workflows/cache.yml' so updates to the wrapper workflow also trigger cache validation.

      - './.github/actions/cache/**'