[runtime] Integrate atomic blob storage backends

[patrick-ogrady]

Summary

Connects the atomic blob engine to the remaining runtime and storage backends. The cohesive engine already includes the minimal Memory and raw Tokio storage adapters needed to exercise its inline and background drivers; this layer adds the forwarding and platform-specific integrations around them.

This is layer 2 of 6 in the atomic blob stack. It depends on the cohesive engine in #4490, and ordinary-to-atomic migration follows as a separate review unit in #4495.

The layer adds atomic backend/resource integration for:

• deterministic runtime contexts;
• audited, faulty, and metered storage wrappers;
• Linux io_uring storage;
• Tokio runtime contexts; and
• the shared recording backend used by runtime tests.

Review focus

• Every wrapper forwards one coherent Worker and AtomicResources lineage without changing ownership.
• Deterministic and Tokio contexts expose the same atomic storage contract as their underlying backends.
• io_uring exact-open and namespace handling match the raw Tokio storage implementation.
• This layer contains adapters only; the atomic grammar, recovery engine, and public API remain unchanged.

Diff size

• Production code: +257 / -18 LOC
• Tests and test infrastructure: +393 / -13 LOC
• Total: +650 / -31 LOC

Counts are physical diff lines, including comments and blank lines. Test-only files, hooks, and lines inside #[cfg(test)] modules are counted as tests; everything else is counted as production code.

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Benchmark results

Regressions: 0.

✅ `qmdb::merkleize/v=any::unordered::fixed::mmr k=10000 ch=false s=true cc=true` (2/2 gates passed)

Field	Value
Package	commonware-storage
Benchmark target	qmdb_gungraun
Variant	qmdb::merkleize/v=any::unordered::fixed::mmr k=10000 ch=false s=true cc=true
Filter	*::bench_merkleize::any_unordered_fixed_mmr
Baseline suite	commonware-storage
Gates	EstimatedCycles should decrease; tolerance 10.00%; blob_reads should decrease; tolerance 10.00%
Cargo flags	--features test-traits

Metric	Baseline	Current	Delta	Gate
Ir	13,159,318	13,143,661	-0.12%	-
L1hits	16,819,414	16,800,065	-0.12%	-
LLhits	94,113	93,468	-0.69%	-
RamHits	11,467	13,264	+15.67%	-
TotalRW	16,924,994	16,906,797	-0.11%	-
EstimatedCycles	17,691,324	17,731,645	+0.23%	EstimatedCycles should decrease; tolerance 10.00%
blob_reads	158	158	+0.00%	blob_reads should decrease; tolerance 10.00%

✅ `qmdb::merkleize/v=current::ordered::fixed::mmb chunk=256 k=10000 ch=false s=true cc=true` (2/2 gates passed)

Field	Value
Package	commonware-storage
Benchmark target	qmdb_gungraun
Variant	qmdb::merkleize/v=current::ordered::fixed::mmb chunk=256 k=10000 ch=false s=true cc=true
Filter	*::bench_merkleize::current_ordered_fixed_mmb_chunk_256
Baseline suite	commonware-storage
Gates	EstimatedCycles should decrease; tolerance 10.00%; blob_reads should decrease; tolerance 10.00%
Cargo flags	--features test-traits

Metric	Baseline	Current	Delta	Gate
Ir	15,488,996	15,450,384	-0.25%	-
L1hits	20,313,311	20,241,479	-0.35%	-
LLhits	132,020	136,176	+3.15%	-
RamHits	17,946	17,641	-1.70%	-
TotalRW	20,463,277	20,395,296	-0.33%	-
EstimatedCycles	21,601,521	21,539,794	-0.29%	EstimatedCycles should decrease; tolerance 10.00%
blob_reads	235	235	+0.00%	blob_reads should decrease; tolerance 10.00%

Baseline commit(s): f04a442f1c3c

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 89.31624% with 50 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
⚠️ Please upload report for BASE (atomic-blobs-production@6aafe39). Learn more about missing BASE report.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
runtime/src/storage/mod.rs	59.61%	21 Missing ⚠️
runtime/src/storage/faulty.rs	48.00%	12 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
runtime/src/storage/iouring.rs	94.51%	6 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
runtime/src/tokio/runtime.rs	83.33%	7 Missing ⚠️

@@                    Coverage Diff                     @@
##             atomic-blobs-production    #4502   +/-   ##
==========================================================
  Coverage                           ?   95.16%           
==========================================================
  Files                              ?      608           
  Lines                              ?   279063           
  Branches                           ?     6906           
==========================================================
  Hits                               ?   265562           
  Misses                             ?    11164           
  Partials                           ?     2337           

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
runtime/src/deterministic.rs	97.12% <100.00%> (ø)
runtime/src/storage/audited.rs	95.02% <100.00%> (ø)
runtime/src/storage/metered.rs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
runtime/src/tokio/runtime.rs	87.05% <83.33%> (ø)
runtime/src/storage/iouring.rs	98.06% <94.51%> (ø)
runtime/src/storage/faulty.rs	95.46% <48.00%> (ø)
runtime/src/storage/mod.rs	96.33% <59.61%> (ø)

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